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                    <text>ah Wilde nes

ssociatiori
East 400 South #306/Salt Lake City/UT 84111/ (801)359-1337
27 May 1988

Dave Baumgartner
District Ranger
Logan Ranger District
Logan, Utah
Dear Dave:
lorn Lyon' recently provided me a coPy of his correspondence to you following
you response to the CPLC. I want to eraphasize Tomls concerns as I b~l ie J e they
,
most consistentl~ portray our concerns with respect to the env!ronm~nta ~
issues in Logan Canyon. Obviously maintaining , 3. n .i1 a tural" . envlroflment In
LOQan Canyon is no mor~ ~han wishf~l ~ hinkl ~ g. The canyon has b~en sever~ly
imf3acted by an inten:.ive level of de 'v·,?lopment for ' decades " 'The (~C).Icern IS to
maintain the existing values of Logan Canyon--those are many, d~spite tt &amp;
level of development ranging from summer homes, a major highway and ski
resort. But you know all of this.
Two u~derlYing concerns need to be raised ' in order to achieve the above goal.
First, we firmly bel ieve that on the Logan Canyon issu~ the forest plan spo~e
with clarity and authority. Evei'Y meetinQ we had with the Forest Service prior
to the release of the forest plan indicated Lo~an Can on w~s basically to
remain as is--thus the management area prescriptions. If t ~ ere was an area of
positive "informed consent" on t he forest it was Loga n Can r on ( t here were
other management areas, as well). Our complet e dis a ppointment in the planniny
process can't escape you or the Forest Supervisor sinc@ the plan could and
should be util ized to maintain the environment and rec~eational op p0 ~tunitie~
of Logan Canyon.
'Second, I am concerned over th i s idea of "w i n-I,I.J in" and c ·o~sensus. I guess t.ha t
sounds iron i c since I am runn i ng a 11 over Utah and t :-rte I,l,es t advoca t i ng the use
of such techniques (I mi$sed you at the annual ISAF mee ing ~n Moab earl ier
this month--we had a fu "1 day of exciting discussions on' Hiis subject as a
result of my presentation and others). I am concerned that the rhetoric is
being used, but not the intent or process. Dav~, you can't tell us to be
pat i en t wh I 1e you ne go t i ate I;J i t h the 0 the I" p a I" tie sse 0 a I" ate f r' om us. You can / t
talK abou~ '~win~ir:ln c9nsensus bui1ding if ~e (all parties) ar:-e not ~drt, of
every declslon/dlscusslon--everythlnQ from Issue and alternative
identification to ~esolution of issuis and alternative5 w Certainly, y~u can't
"spring" new alternatives or issues (in th's case u impr0v ~ ments' !~ ch as
relocation of Beaver Cree·K) at this la.t e date and have us, inpar ~i cL :; ar
believe we are part of the consensus building prDcess. The idea of canfi iet
resolution through a mutuaj consensus pro~ess is undeniably good but ; t taKes
far more time, risK and effort than typically util ized so far. ( t he same thing
is happening on the North Slope, again. This t ime with Beaver Meadows--th e
Forest Service on Thursday 5/26, asked us for th~ first time in one year of
discussion to look at the alternatives for the ~A/AA. We were then told the
decision would ' be signed n~xt week.)
The Utah Wilderness Associatiori firmlY bel ieves a solution ot the l.ogan Canyon
issue exists and can best be reached through the orocess I just pescrib~d.
That mt;Jst incof'porat~, the points ra! 51 in, th ~ r.: ~ :-c a~d ~yor:=, lett .~rs. 1 "
?d,
recogn I ze there are dl fferent agenc I ~ ,S I nvol ved. 'tlut I tiS '1.fICUmbent upon the
Forest Service to pull the participants/concerns together and discuss
'
"improvement" within the context of the forest plan. It may be possible to
arrive at a solution in a di~ferent manner, but it won't be a good
solution--by now I think we would have learned that ' over and over 'again.
Thanks very much.

'~LJ;c
CJrE~~~er
Coordi nator

cc: Da Ie Boswor' th,

e LC

t..J NF

SlJper l ) i sor-

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{.

-

9

November 17, 1986
INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM MEETING

Additional Data for Agenda Items
Agenda
Item No.
4.

Public involvement - scoping process status report

5.

Existing roadside parking - draft technical memorandum

6.

Areas within Canyon meeting criteria for climbing lanes
- supplement to design criteria technical memorandum
Revised typical sections - Figures 1, 2, and 3

7.

Copy of US Forest Service evaluation of the 1979 UDOT
construction proposal.

Note the reference to the nega-

tive effects of the 12°30 curvaure (40 mph)
transmittal letter.

1

in the

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November 17, 1986

!

LOGAN CANYON
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT - SCOPING PROCESS

,

.
STATUS REPORT
Concurrently with the development of the transportation
needs, the environmental analysis and the transportation
plan a continuing public involvement

1.

effort is underway.

This public involvement effort is part of the scoping process and consists of interdisciplinary team meetings, public
information meetings, small group discussions, meetings with
government agencies, media coverage, and distribution of
written information to a mailing list of interested individuals and agencies.

In addition, the consultant team has

maintained a local informational office in Logan, Utah at
t~e

offices of Valley Engineering Inc.

Through this scoping process, the issues and concerns of the
public regarding Logan Canyon are being identified, and have
been summarized in a memorandum circulated to the Interdisciplinary

Tea~

dated November 11, 1986.

The highlights of

this public involvement effort to date are summarized below:
Date

Group

Subject

June 10

ID Team

Scope and schedule of
study.

June 23

ID Team

Role of ID Team, public
involvement program

July 8

Cache Chamber
of Commerce

In discussion of UDOT's
plans for Cache Valley,
the Logan Canyon Study was
mentioned Commissioner
Todd Weston.

�/1
/

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(

July 14

10 Team

Traffic counting and
forecasting, outline
transportation needs
analysis.

July 25

Mailing List
Fact Sheet

Detailed outline of public
involvement program.

July 28

10 Team

Traffic data, proposed
forecasts, highway
capacity and level of
service.

August 1

News Release

Brief outline of study
objectives and public
involvement.

August 11

10 Team

Traffic forecast tech
memo. Maintenance tech
memo.

August 25

10 Team

Traffic forecast tech memo
existing roadway
conditions tech memo.

August 26

Environmental
Representatives
and US Forest
Service

Field trip into Logan
Canyon to identify areas
of environmental concern.

September 8

10 Team

Safety analysis tech memo.
Outline public
information meeting.

,( I
I

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September 15

Bear River
· Resources Conservation and
Development

Outlined study objectives
and obtained public input.

September 22

10 Team ·

Traffic characteristics
tech memo. Traffic
capacity discussion.

September 23

Local Government
Officials

Outlined study objectives
and obtained input.

September 23 . Public Informa-

Presented findings of

tion Meeting,

October 6

transportation studies and

Logan, Utah

obtained public input.

ID Team

Discussion of public
information meeting.
Visual considerations by
Clark Ostergaard - USFS.

�"

October 3

ID Team

Discussion of safety analysis tech memo. Study goals
and objectives for component
and alternative development.

November 3

S

Discussed need for public
information meeting in
Garden City.

October 20

7F

Garden City
Council

1D Team

Alternate routes for
through traffic.
Discussion of goals and
objectives tech memo.
Alternate alignments from
Summit to Garden City.

November 3

Public Information Meeting
Garden City, Ute

Presented findings of
transportation studies.
Obtained public input.

November 5

State of Utah
Natural
Resources

Outlined alternative routes
from Summit to Garden City.

November 8

Cache Valley
Mayors Assoc.

Provided update of the
study and received input.

November 10

Mailing list
Fact Sheet

Detailed outline of
traffic characteristics
and transportation needs.

I

le

This public involvement process will be continued through
•
the corning weeks with meetings planned with the Cache Cham-

ber of Commerce, local service clubs and environmental groups.
Formal scoping meetings should be planned for mid January in
both Logan City and Rich County.

Also technical memorandums

will continue to be developed by the Interdisciplinary Team
and fact sheets will be sent to the mailing list.
gested schedule for these activities is attached •

. I

SLC-STN/12

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November 17, 1986
DRAFT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
LOGAN CANYON
ROADSIDE PARKING

II
~l

d

A survey of existing roadside parking areas was made and is
tabulated in Table 1.

This summary includes the areas that

E

are currently being used by the public for all purposes in-

Ie

cluding recreational and emergency stopping.

f.

areas are no more than a wide shoulder with just enough room

tt

for a vehicle to get out of the traveled way while others

Some of the

are spacious enough to allow vehicles to be safely parked
well off the shoulder.
The impact of roadway improvements on these roadside parking
areas will depend on the characteristics of the improvement.
Spot improvements would have little effect, and some parking
areas would be enhanced.

Widening along the existing align-

ment would eliminate many of the narrower areas that consist

,

mostly of a widened shoulder.

Widening and improving the

existing alignment would also eliminate many of the existing
areas, but would in some cases provide a substantial area
for parking development.

For example, where a sharp curve

is flattened, the abandoned area of the existing roadway
could be developed.
Partial roadside parking surveys were conducted during
August on two weekend days in the afternoon and the results
are summarized in· Table 2.
The more complete count taken on
August 30 shows at least 90 vehicles using the roadside
parking and campground areas.
SLC-STN/13

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Table 1
EXISTING ROADS I DE PARKING AREAS

Station

,...ce

R v

COf
cor

ti '
tr

485+00
493+00
514+00
525+00
552+00
577+00
589+00
604+00
625+00
636+00
647+00
645+00
673+00
685+00
697+00
706+00
718+00
744+00
775+00
793+00
797+00
806+00
821+00
824+00
865+00
890+00
925+00
951+00
1077+00
1120+00
1135+00
1160+00
1231+00
1283+00
1290+00
1296+00
1302+00
1467+00
1498+00
1504+00
1519+00
1541+00

SLC-STN/13

Approximate
Mile Post

I

383.5
383.66
384.13
384.4
384.8
385.3
385.5
385.8
386.2
386.4
386.6
386.6
387.1
387.4
387.45
387.6
387.84
388.38
389.0
389.34
389.4
389.59
389.87
389.91
390.63
391.05
391.68
392.02
394.3
395.17
395.44
395.9
397.25
398.26
398.39
398.51
398.62
400.51
401.
'401.09
401.40
401.91

Side
of Road
Left
Left
Right
Right
Right
Right
Left
Right
Right
Right
Right
Left
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right &amp; Left
Right
Left
Right
Right
Left &amp; Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Left
Right
Left
Left
Right
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right

Approximately
Length
300'
200'
600'
400'
300'
100'
200'
200'
100'
100'
400'
100'
200'
100'
100'
300'
300'
100'
250'
300'
200'
100'
250'
150'
100'
200'
100'
200'
200'
100'
200'
100'
100'
400'
100'
200'
100'
200'
400'
400'
400'
200'

�Table 1 (Continued)

Station

Approximate
Mile Post

Side
of Road

Approximately
Length
I

1554+00
1622+00
1651+00
1715+00
1727+00
1743+00
1762+00
1785+00
179·7+00
1813+00
1857+00
1884+00
1952+00
1961+00

SLC-STN/13

SLC-STN/13

402.13
403.40
403.96
405.17
405.40
405.70
406.04
406.44
406.66
407.02
407.8
408.34
409.58
409.77

Right
Right
Right
Left
Right
Right
Right
Right
Right
Left
Left
Left
Right
Right

300'
100'
200'
300'
200'
300'
200'
300'
400'
100'
400'
100'
200'
100'

~t

�Table 2
ROADSIDE AND CAMPGROUND PARKING UTILIZATION

Mile
Pose

~

383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411

DescriEtion of Area
Right Fork Road Area
Camping Spot
Wood Camp Campground
Logan Cave Area
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area
Ricks Spring
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area
Forestry Station Area
Red Banks C.G. &amp; Tony Grove
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area

Aug. 16
P.M.
(Sat)
3
2

16
3
1
6

12
1
4
1
7
5

3
2
6
( a)

16
30

Sinks Area
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area

2

1
1

1
2

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)

SLC-STN/13

SLC-STN/13
hi

3
3
1

--.l&amp;
48

(a) Not counted

2

2

Roadside Parking Area
Roadside Parking Area
Abandoned Mountain Road

Aug. 30
P.M.
(Sat)

89

�I

I

d

17, 1986
AREAS WITHIN CANYON MEETING CRITERIA FOR CLIMBING LANES
II,

In applying the AASHTO conditions listed above, the followI

•

ing criteria taken from the traffic characteristics technical memorandum were used.
Design Year

2010

Design Hourly Volume (DHV)

630

Recreational Vehicles (Percent)

12

Trucks (Percent)

3

Directional Split (Percent)

60/40

Each of the

AASHTO

conditions should be checked to justify

the consideration of a climbing lane.

1.

Upgrade traffic flow rate

630 x .60

=

378&gt; 200 vph.

Condition is met for entire route
2.

Upgrade truck flow rate
The highway capacity manual (HCM) in Table 8-6
indicates that in mountainous terrain, a recreational vehicle is equivalent to about 0.5 trucks.
Equivalent trucks 12 • 2 + 3
630 x .60 x .09

=

=

34 &gt; 20 vph

Conditibn is met for entire route

2

9 percent

�~vember 17, 1986

3.

Level of service and speed reduction determination.

f

r

Level of Service
In the traffic capacity evaluation draft technical
memorandum, it was reported that level of service E
will occur by the years shown below.
Section

Year

Right Fork to 1.5 miles above
Ricks Spring (MP 391)

2000

1.5 miles above Ricks Spring to
Beaver Mountain (MP 400)

2005

Beaver Mountain (MP 400) to
Garden City

2010

Level of Service E condition is met for entire route
The foregoing analysis indicates that all of the criteria
suggested by AASHTO is met for consideration of climbing
lanes along the entire route from Right Fork to 1.5 miles
above Ricks Spring.

The most critical area is in the vicin-

ity of the lower twin bridge and the Dugway.

In this area

the grade is steeper than in the rest of the section, for a
, distance of about 4500 feet the upgrade varies from 3.35 to
5.85 percent. ·
From 1.5 miles above Ricks Spring to the Beaver Mountain
turn-off, there is more passing opportunity and the need for
climbing lanes is less critical.
From Beaver Mountain to Garden City, climbing lanes should
be considerea wherever there is opportunity to place them.

SLC-STAN/14

3

�(1) 5:1 SLOPE:
29' MIN 55 MPH
24' MIN 50 MPH
18' MIN 40 MPH

16' MIN 35 MPH
,

(2) SLOPE VARlES10:1 TO 5:1

EXISTING

24 -29' 55 MPH
20 -24' 50 MPH
15 -18' 40 MPH
13 -16' 35 MPH

40'
(1')

RECOVER
AREA
~~

(2')

12'

12'

~~~~~--~~~~&amp;---~~--~~~~

RECOVERY
AREA

______________________________________________~~70~:7~
.-(\-y

~~

-y~

('

STANDARD

~

(HOURLY VOLUME OVER 250&gt;

&lt;'{&lt;'

~
{&lt;'

RECOVERY AREA
34'

12'

12'

V..q
i:"/l. 1i/..qS
l. 8
l.S

MODIFIED STANDARD

1.. 0 I:JS

FIGURE 1

TYPICAL SECTIONS
LOG AN CANYON STUDY

�-----

~--------------------------------------------------------------------------~

11' MIN

17'

17'

2' MIN

RETAINING STRUCTURE/GUARD
RAIL POSSIBLY REOURED.

MODIFIED STANDARD
(CENTERED ON EXISTING ALIGNMENT)

17'

17'
NEW

10' MIN"':(40 MPH, 10:1)
8' MIN-(35 MPH, 10:1)

EXISTING

RETAIN RIVERBANK

MODIFIED STANDARD
(NEW CENTERLINE OFFSET AWAY
FROM RIVER)

FIGURE 2
TYPICAL SECTIONS
ON EXISTING ALIGNMENT

WIDENING;;;r

LOGAN CANYON STUDY

C'::ft~I:""

t

il

I

�FIC LANE TRAFFIC LANE

SHOULDER
SHOULDER

. MODIFIED 'STANDARD WITH CLIMBING LANE

RECOVERY AR.EA"
12'

12'

12'

_0

TRAFFIC LANE TRAFFIC LANE

CLIMBING
LANE

SHOULDER

SHOULDER

MODIFIED STANDARD WITH CLIMBING LANE
(STEEP HILLSIDE SECTION)
Note:
Where climbing lane extends onto a structure,
the should , r width will be increased 2 feet.
e
(1) See figure 1,
(2) Recovery area includes climbing lane with total width
dictated by drainage and slope stability needs.

FIGURE 3
TYPICAL CLIMBING
LANE SECTIONS
LOGAN CANYON STUDY

�III I .

II

UNITED STATES DEPARTM£NT OF AGRICULTURE
FOREST SERVICE

Wasatch National Forest
8226 Federal Bldg., 125 So. State
Salt Lake City, Utah 84138

1950
November 26, 1979

r

Mr. D. M. LeFevre, P.E.
Preconstruction Engineer
Utah Department of Transportation
128 17th Street, Box 309
Ogden, Utah 84402

,l

L

Dear Mr. LeFevre,
We have reviewed and evaluated your more recent alternative proposals
for Section 3 of the Logan Canyon Highway as requested by Gary Lindley.
Our evaluation is contained in the attached report.

)

The report was prepared by a team and is for your use in preparation
of your Environmental Analysis Report. This report describes those
constraints which are necessary to protect the Scenic, Recreation, and
Fisheries values which are so important to Logan Canyon and are considered the minimum necessary to meet the direction provided by our 1971
Environmental Analysis Report.

The negative effects of the 12 0 30' degree of curvature alignment are
too severe and are considered unacceptable. Our recommended alignment
is described in the attached evaluation.
'If you have any .q uestions or would like to discuss this, we would be
happy to meet with you.
Sincerely,

CHANDLER P. ST. JOHN
Forest Supervisor

U·f AH DEf f. OF T~
Enclosure

)

OISTRlC.I JI

.. ...' . .' . .....
~ .

�r

Logan Canyon Highway
Evaluation of Section 3
October lS-18, 1979

I

y

Logan Canyon is one of the major scenic routes in the state and this , requires an extra effort to maintain and/or enhance the scenic values ,that
now exist in the canyon. Integration with the order of the macro-e~viron­
ment is very important in the overall location of the highway, but' its , ..
effect on the public' is by no means immediate or obvious. The public,'
however, is directly aware of embankments, bridges, planting and a ,multitude of other de's ign details that the road-user can see from the window
of the car. The follOWIng list will aid in achievement of the ' goal to
provide ' for a safe travel way and yet protect the macro-environment.

1.

2."

'"

The landscape design should be an integral part of the highway
desig'n ' and not an after thought to hide construction scars
with cosmetic treatment.
The AASHO Policy on G~ometric Design states that "a uniform
slope through a cut or fill section often results in ' a formal or stilted appearance. This can be softened by flattening
the slopes on the ends where cut or fill is light, and gradually steepening it toward the controlling maximum slope on
the heavier portion of the cut or fill." Complex variation
of cross-sections 'suggested it is difficult to achieve, ,if
one works merely with cross-sections. For any refined sculpturing of the land masses, plans with horizontal contours
have to be used.

3. _

The relationship between speed and focusing distance, angle
of vision and amount of foreground detail is important in the
driver's ability to enjoy the scenic values of the canyon.
As a general rule "the slower one travels the more can, be seen."

4•

The existing rock features in the canyon are of utmost importanc'e . Every effort should be taken to avoid ' such features
however, when rock out crops are encountered, they should be
blasted in such a way as to appear natural.

s.

Special structures may be required to satisfy environmental
engineering and aesthetic constraints. As the project progresses special designs for bridges, retaining walls and sidehill structures to meet these needs must be developed.

)

.

,

The Evaluation Team consisted of:

).

John Nielsen - Forest Engineer
Neil Hunsaker - Forest Planner
Jim Elsea - Hydrologist
Jim Cole - Wildlife Biologist
Mark Shaw - F~sheries Biologist
Clark Ostergaard - Landscape Architect

•
"

•

• ' ,'P"

·-. 'r . "

I

�I

t

I

This evaluation was limited to Section 3 as described above because of
insufficient resource data from Station 865 to Ricks Springs to conduct
a meaningful evafuation. It is not our intent that the project should
end at this point station 865, but to indicate that any evaluaticn and
agreement 'on that segment of the project will be .delayed until the
following information is furnished.
A~

Soils data which indica~ed erosion hazard, fertility or ability
to be revegetated, and' mass stability.

B.

Geologic data from core drilling along the proposed route to
determine structure, distance to bedrock, angle of .repose, etc.

c.

A proposed road

D.

A plan view of the estimated location 'of top of cut slopes
and toe of fill slopes in relation to ' the proposed center-

profile~

line~

11

)

from Right Hand Fork (Sta. 605) to Curve at the Through Cut
abo'v e the Dugw~y at Twin Bridges (Sta. 860).

This evaluation was conducted without adquate information about the
structural" details for the retainer walls, jersey barriers, curb and
gutter, culver.t energy dissipator~, etc. These should be furnished
as soon as possible. ' To save time we have based our evaluation on
an estimation of what they will look like. When the details are received _we will review them . to insure our evaluation is still valid.
To conduct an e~aluation of .this n~ture it was necessary to establish
certain' criteria. These are listed below and any deviation from them
will require a . reevaluation .
.

.

'I

" • ".: " ." " '.,

; .' I '

�111 1

. i

.:1
.,

. .' . .. . .

I

I

./
,

. "

:

',:

.: ... .
'

.

3

1.

f

A two lane road with the following cross sectional configuration would be used from Station 610 to Station 835.

51' MAY-AM-fUM
I~'

M~X.

15' MAX.

)

)

2.

3.

Removal of vegetation would be limited to the construction
area. The construction area limits would be 5 feet above
the top , of a ~ut slope and the toe of fill slopes.

4.

)

A three lane road may be necessary on the up hill grade between
the Twin Bridges. , This would be accomplished by adding an 11'
climbing ~ane " to the above cross sectional' configuration.

The principle purpose for retainer walls is to ke e p road
fill out of the riparian vegetation and the stream. and
only in rare cases is it necessary to keep the river away
from the road fill. The construction techniques which have
the minimum impact on riparian vegetation will be used. .
If 'no other comments are made concerning curb and gutter and
retainer walls, they shouid be considered acceptable.

,"

�4

5.

The Special and Functional Consideration and Recommendation
contained in the 1971 Environmental Analysis report are still
required.

6.

Top soil will be stockpiled for respreading ovei cut and fill
slopes and other disturbed areas.

2.

3.

)

14° alignment reflects a design speed of 35 m.p.h. and
is shown as the office revision on the same plans as
the 18° alignment.
7
.
f(() ( .
.
The 12°)0' alignment reflects Nm.p.h. design speed
and is shown on plans F-021~1(4Yat a scale of 1" = 200'.
This alignment was also shown on the I" = 100' scale plans
in ' red pencil and located on the ground with yellow flagging.
"

Station 605 to 625 - All '3 alignments are the same and are satisfactory.
Curve #30 is 12° and #31 is 10°. Special revegetation, slope shaping and landscape measure will be required on the cut bank associated with curve 1/30 to mitigate visual impacts.• .
Station 625-630 - Two curves are preferred. They are Off. Rev.
#32 (14°) and Off. Rev. #33 (14°) with coordinate points as
shown on the plans. The 12°30' alignment near Station #630
severely encroaches on the stream bank. ,The two 14° curves
keep the road further away from the creek. '
Station 630-637 - The 18° ' alignment would result in somewhat less
visual impact than the 14° or 12°30'. The difference in effects
on the visual resource is not deemed significant and, therefore,
the. curve data for Off. Rev. 1134(14°) is acceptable. The cut
bank on the ' inside of this curve will require special revegetation,
slope shaping and landscaping measures.

)

�, 5

Station 637-641 - All 3 alignments are the same and are acceptable.
Fisherman parking should be designed and constr'u cted in the wide
spot between the road and the river.

/

.

Station ' 641-648 - Curve 1135 should be the 12° curve to avoid impacts
on the stream which would be associated with the 9° curVe.
Station 648-656 - This tangent should go to the Off. Rev. #36 coordinate point (N512,321.925;El,016,652.124) · at Sta. P.l.654 and
use the 14° curve. Fisherman parking should be developed be. tween the road and. the river at Station 649. The spring near
the hill 'at Sta. 651 should be protected in its natural condition~ The 18° curve is preferred here but the 14° curve is ~
acceptable. The 12°30' curve creates . u~acceptable impacts on
the visual resource. The existing China Row Picnic area east
of the road may have to be aband.oned because it will be too
small for use.
Station 656-662 - The impacts of the 12°30' alignment on the river are
too severe. Use : a 14° curve with coordinat'e point N512,803.924, /'
El,01.7,206.904. This will help reduce the impact on Wood Camp.
A turnaround loop ~ill have to be designed and constructed in
the north end of Wood Camp because of the elimination of part of
the Campground road.
Station 662-672 - Use .12° curve with coordinate point N513,771.978,
El,017,277,993. reasons are same · as Station ~56-662.

)

Station 672-680 - Centerline to be as dictated ' by next curve coordinate
point.
Station 680-685
Use 12° curve at
018,713.259.

.

c~ordinate · point

N514,OOO.429,El,

, Station 685-689 - Use 14° curve at coordinate point N514,329.967,El,
019,035'.966. This is necessary to avoid impac~s on the visual
resource and protect the Rock Feature •.·
!

Station 689-706 ~ The reverse curv~ alignment should be used to
reduce impacts on the river and ,on the mountain, which would be
caused by the other alignments. Using this will necessitate the
reevaluation of the amount of retainer wall needed. Curve data for
this section is shown in the chart below.

!

Stations
' 689-692 ,
693-696
696-700
700-706

)

,.
i
i

Deg~~

14°
14°
' 9°
3°

Curve II
41
42
43
44

Tan8e~t Coordinate Point
N514,389,996,El,OI9,422.989
N514,651.927,El,OI9,714.915

N514,772.032,El,020~083.101
N515,149.968,Er,020,500~394

/

I

�'T~_

....

_ __ _

_ _ ••• _ _

-~ -~

__"_
'" ___

J . __ ....____.... _ ..• . ~ __
.
___ ~=:-.-=_
~
i
~

'__...... -...._ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .~ -r- , '_ ~
-

····1

Station 706-716 - Use tangent coordinate points N515,532.192,E1,021,
086.164 'and ' a 9° or 10° curve. This will result in the least
impact on the river and ·may require less re~ainer wall. The
impact on the hill at Station 716 with the 12°30' alignment is
tooseverea~d will cause visual degradation~

I

"

__ _

Station 716-724 - The 10° curve with either set of tangent coordinate
' points is satisfactory.

./

Station 724-730 - The alignment as established . by the coordinate points
is good. The hill on the cut side is rock ledge with stable soils
Use rock rip rap instead of retainer wall on the river side of the
road. Where soil pockets exist in the .c ut, they . should be sloped
back and revegetated or retainer wall of log cribbing or rock dry
wall construction used.

1

../
S~ation 130~7~7

- . Use 5°30' curve with either coordinate point shown

I

on the plans.
Station 737-743 - Curve data for 1148 :or Off. Rev. #46 is acceptable. , /
Station 743-748 '- The inside slopes of this curve are stable 1edgerock
and g~ave1 soils. Relocate P.l. points #49 and Off. Rev. #47
or use a flatter curve which will relocate the center line approxima'tely 20" west of the 14° or 18° alignment. The reason for this
~s to protect the riparian habitat.

)

Station 748-757 - The 12°30' curve would cause excessive impact on the
river • . The P.I. should be relocated 15' to 30' north along the
tangent line leading to coordinate point 1150 and then use a 14° /"
curve. This change should allow the curve to fallon about the
same location as the' 18° curve and reduce the impact on the river.
It should also reduce the amount of retaining structure. The
retaining structure should be of Rock Rip Rap and not a concrete
wall. Retaining wall should be used on the north edge of the
road below Logan cave. The waterfall feature should be designed
to enhance the fall rather than hide it.

--.

Station 757-775 - Develop parking at Station 761 and provide safe highway crossing to Logan Cave. At Station 768 use the 14° curve at ~
coordinate point 11519,422.325,El,024,005.507. Use a through cut.
The access to the summer horne at Station 773 is to be maintained.
Some fisherman parking should be developed on the old road bed.
.

i
I

Station 775-780 :- Use 5° curve· and .P.l. point described for Off. Rev.
curve 1151. ,
Station 780':'785
curve 852.

)

... -..~- ~ -.- - .... i

Use 14° curve and P.l. c90rdinate data for Off. Rev.

~.

�__ _

-~-------~---'

l '

':'_~ __J~:. . : ..,_

,1,/

I

vl

7

"

St~tion

785-792 - , Use 14° curve and coordinate point for Off. Rev.
curve #~3~

,

. Station 792-800 ",- Use 14° ~uIye and coordinate point N521,589.423,
El,025,811.651. The abandoned road s~ould be dev~loped as
fisherman parking and as a waste disposal area with the appropriate Landscape Design and trea tment. "The 12 °30' alignment is
a much greater impact on the visual resource.

I

Station· 800-807 - Use 14° curve and P.I. c06rdinate point N522,483, 530, .El,025,765.054. Remove the old concrete :wh-ich is presently being
used for Rip ·Rap. A retainer wall will be needed 'on this curve.
It should be placed at the existing water's edge.
Station 807-815 - Use curve and coordinate point from Off.

R~v.

#56.

Station .815-825 - Use Off. Rev. #57 which is ~ 9° curve and coordinate
point N523,184.736,El,027,495.885. · . The old road between the
creek and the road is to be 'p~ssable to vehicles when cons truction
is complete~ Use retainer walls as :' appropriate to accomplish.
Station 825-835 '- Use 14° curve and P.l. at · coordinate point N522,946,
' 908,Ei",028,185.936. The 12°30' : a1ignment causes a severe impact
'
on the cut side.

v/

Station 838-847 .- Avoid cutting into the hillside along this section.
The hillsides are unstable and seepages can be expected in the
cut area~ The existing 'cut slopes are to be stabilized using
rock, drywall-type construction, log cribbing or half brid'ge may
be acceptable on the fill sides. Fill slopes shall not be allowed
to reach the stream.
Station 847-855 - The proposed center line should be held near the
outside edge of the existing paving to avoid cutting into the
hillside which ·has the potential to unravel long distance up
the slope. The same ' type of stabilization on the fill slope
as above.
Station 855-865 - This curve should be a 14° curve using the P.l. at /
N525,362.~18, El,027,858.246.
The outside of the curve between
Station 860 and 865 can be used as waste disposal. The limits
of the area used will be established on site.
Station 865 to R. ck' s Spring will be evalu'a ted when the addi tional
i
data is fu r nished.

)

.

'-- -,- -_.,.-..... -. . .If
~-

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..

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.I

�.', - I
' .0

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: "I

Plans Required
The following plans will be required before construction begins.
1.
I'

2.

A Water Quality Management Plan will be developed by U DOT
for approval by the Forest Service. This plan will include;
a) Monitoring standards, frequency, intensity and qualifi- cations of monitoring personnel. b) Measures to be used during
construction to maintain the existing water quality standard.
c) Turbidity and other standards which will be met during construction. Macroinvertebeate analysis should be utilized
before, during and after construction.
An Erosion Control, Revegetation, Landscaping- plan will be prepared by the state and approved by the Forest Service prior to
contruction. This plan will include plant species, location,
quantity and quality. It will specify erosion control tech,niques such as cribbing, jute netting, etc. by location. It
will -discuss the handling of slope blending, rock features, etc.
The following is offered as an aid and guide in developing a
, landscape p I an.

I

·1
I
I

I

Before construction "begins- the shaping and revegetation of disposal or
waste sites must be designed and planned to assure a natural appearance
occurs in these areas. Several waste disposal sites were evaluated.
They are:

1.

Gus Lind Flat.

2.

Wood Camp Hollow (See November IB, 1976 Analysis by Clark
Ostergaard, attached).

3.

Flat on outside curve above Ricks Spring.

-4.

On hil (below lower Twin Bridges (north of road).
impacts are severe at this site.

5.

Across from Preston Valley Picnic Area upstream from the
waste area used in construction of the lower portions of
the road. It is in full view of Highway.

6. -

Twin Creek Corrals, which is 3 miles up canyon from Ricks
Spring. The disposal could be completely screened from
the Highway and a road exists.

Visual

The Twin Creek Corrals site appears to be the most favorable site
at this time and U DOT should consider the economics of using this
site. An Environmental Analysis will be the basis for selecting
the site to be- used.

)
I_

I

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77;;lC)

November 26, 1979

D. M. LeFevre,P.E.
PreconstTIlction Engineer
Utah Department of Transportation
128 17th Street, Box 309
Ogden, Utah . 84402

~~.

Dear Mr. LeFevre,
tie have reviewed and evaluated your more recent alternative proposals
for Section 3 of the Logan Canyon Highway as requested by GarY Lindley.
Our evaluation is contained in the attached report.
TIle report was prepared by a team and is for your use in preparation
of your Environmental Analysis Report. This report describes those
c9nstraints whicl1 are necessary to protect the Scenic, Recreation, and
Fisheries values which are so important to Logan Canyon and are con':" sidered the minimum necessary to meet the direction provided byotlr 1971
Environmental Analysis .Report.
TIle negative effects of the 120 30' degree of curvature alignment are

too severe and are considered unacceptable.
is described in the attached evaluation.

Our recommended alignment

If you have any questions or would like to discuss this, we would be
happy to meet with you.
Sincerely,

CHANDLER P. .ST. · JCHf~
CHANDLER P. ST. JOHN
Forest Supervisor
Enclosure
cc: · Logan District With Report
Files With Report v
NHunsaker:lm

�Logan Canyon Highwa y 1/
Evaluation of Section 3
October 15-18~ 1979
Logan Canyon is one of the major scenic routes in the state and this requires an extra effort to maintain and/or enhance the scenic values that
now exist in the canyon.
Integration with the order of the macro-enviro"nment is very important in the overall location of the high\Va y~ but its
effect on the public is by no means immediate or obvious. The public,
however, is directly aware of embankments, bridges, planting and a multitude of other design details that the road-user can see from t" e \o:indmv
h
of the car. The following list will aid in achievement of the goal to
provide for a safe travel way and yet protect the macro-environment.
1.

"2.

The landscape design should be an integral part of the highway
design and not an after thought to hide construction scars
with cosmetic treatment.
The AASHO Policy on Geometric Design states that "a uniform
slope through a cut or fill section often results in a formalar stilted appearance. This can be softened by flattening
the slopes on the ends where cut or fill is light ' ""and gradually steepening it toward the controlling maximum slope on
the heavier portion of the cut or fill." Complex variation "
of cross-sections suggested it is difficult to "achieve, if
one works merely with cross-sections. For any refined sculpturing of the land masses~ plans with horizontal contours
have to be used.

3.

The relationship between speed and focusing distance, angle
of vision and amount of foreground detail is important in the
driver's ability to enjoy the scenic values of the canyon.
As a general rule tithe slower one travels the more can be seen:" "

4.

The existing rock features in the canyon are of utmost importance. Every effort should be taken to avoid such features
however, when rock out crops are encountered, they should be
blasted in such a way as to appear natural.

S.

Special structures may be required to satisfy environmental
engineering and aesthetic constraints. As the project progresses special designs for bridges, retaining walls and sidehill structures to meet these needs must be developed.

The Evaluation Team consisted of:
John Nielsen - Forest Engineer
Neil Hunsaker - Forest Planner
Jim Elsea - Hydrologist
Jim Cole - Wildlife Biologist
Mark Shruv - Fisheries Biologist
Clark Ostergaard - Landscape Architect

�2

Th~s

evaluation was limited to Section 3 as described above because of
insufficient resource data from Station 865 to Ricks Springs to conduct
a meaningful evaluatinn. It is not our intent that the project should
end at this point station 865, but to indicate that any evaluation and
agreement on that segment of the project will be delayed until the
follo\ving information is furnished.
A.

Soils data \"hich indicated erosion hazard, fertility or ability
to be revegetated, and mass stability.

B.

Geologic data from core drilling along the proposed route to
determine structure, distance to bedrock, angle of repose, etc.

c.

A proposed Toad profile.

D.

A plan view of the estimated location of top of cut slope~
and toe of fill slopes in relation to the proposed centerline.

from Right Hand Fork (Sta. 605) to Curve at the Through , Cut
above the Dugway at Twin Bridges (Sta. 860).
This evaluation was conducted \vithout adquate information about the
structural details for the retainer walls, jersey barriers, curb and
gutter, culvert energy dissipators, etc. These should be furnished .
as soon as possible. To save time we have based our evaluation on
an estimation of what they will look like. When the details are received we \vill review them to insure our evaluation is still valid.
To conduct an evaluation of this nature it was necessary to establish
certain criteria. These are listed below and any deviation from them
will require a reevaluation.

�3

1.

A two lane road with the following cross sectional configuration would be used from Station 610 to Station 835.

51' MA'XAMIUM
,~' MITX.

24'

15' MAX~

2.

A three lane road may be necessary on the up hill grade between
the Twin Bridges. This would be accomplished by adding an 11'
climbing lane to the above cross sectional configuration~

3.

Removal of vegetation would be limited to the construction
area. The construction area limits would be 5 feet above
the top of a cut slope and the toe of fill slopes.

4.

The principle purpose for retainer walls is to keep road
fill out of the riparian vegetation and the stream, and
only in rare cases is it necessary to keep the river away
from the road fill. The construction techniques which have
the minimum impact on riparian vegetation ,nIl be used.
If no other comments are made concerning curb and gutter and
retainer walls, they should be considered acceptable. .

I

�4

5.

The Special and Functional Considera tion and Recomr.lenda tion
contained in the 1971 Environmental An a lysis report are still
required.

6.

Top ·soil will be stockpiled for respreading over cut and fill
slopes and other disturbed areas.
This evaluation compared three road alignments which will be
referred to as 18°, 14° and 12°30' alignments. These degrees
refer to the maximum degree of curvature used in each of the
three alignments.

1.

The 18° alignment reflects a design speed of 30 m.p~h.
and is shown on sheet 5 through 11 of plans F-021-1(4.)
at a scale of 1" = 100'.

2.

14° alignment reflects a design speed of 35 m.p.h. · and
is sho"tffi as the office revision on the same plans as
the 18° alignment.

3.

The 12 0 30' alignment reflects a 35 m.p.h. design speed
and is sho"tffi on plans F-021-1 (4) at a scale of 111 = 200'.
This alignment was also shown on the 1" = lOOt scale plans
in red pencil and located on the ground with yellow flagging.

Station 605 to 625 - All 3 alignments are the same and are satisfactory.
Curve #30 is 12° and #31 is 10°. Special revegetation, slope shaping and landscape measure '''ill be required on the cut bank associated with curve #30 to mitigate visual impacts.
Station 625-630 - T\"o curves are preferred. They are Off. Rev.
1132 (14°) and Off. Rev. 1133 (14.°) with coordinate points as
shown on the plans. The 12°30' alignment near Station #630
severely encroaches on the stream bank. The two 14° curves
keep the road further away from the creek.
Station 630-637 - The 18 0 alignment would result in somewhat less
visual impact than the 14° rir 12°30'. The difference in effects
on the visual resource is not deemed significant and, therefore,
the curve data for Off. Rev. #34(14°) is acceptable. The cut
bank o~ the inside of this curve will require special revegetation,
slope shaping and landscaping measures.

�5

Station 637-641 - All 3 alignments are the same and are acceptable.
Fisherm parking should be designed and constructed in the wide
an
spot between the road and the river.
Station 641-648 - Curve #35 should be the 12° curve to avoid impacts
on the stream ~vhich would be associated wi th the 9° curve.
Station 648-656 - This tangent should go to the Off. Rev. #36 coordinate point (N512,321.925;El,016,652.124) at Sta. P.i.654 and
use the 14° curve. Fisherman parking should be developed bet,.,een the road and the river a t Station 649. The spring near
the hill at Sta. 651 should be protected in its natural condition. The 18° curve is preferred here but the 14° curve is
acceptable. The 12°30' curve creates unacceptable impacts on .
the visual resource. The ex isting China Row Picnic area east
of the ro ad may have to be abandoned because it will be too
small for use.
Station 656-662 - The impacts of the 12°30' alignment on the . river are
too severe. Use a 14° curve with coordinate point N512,803.924,
E1,017,206.904. This will help reduce the impact on \~ood Camp.
A turn around loop will have to be designed and constructed in .
the north end of Wood Camp because of the elimination of part of
the Campground road.
Station 662-672 - Use .12° curve with coordinate point N513,771.978,
E1,017,277,993. reasons are same as Station 656-662.
Station 672-680 - Centerline to be as dictated by next curve coordinate
point • .
Station 680-685 - Use 12° curve at coordinate point N514,000.429,E1,
018,713.259.
Station 685-689 - Use 14° curve at coordinate point N514,329.967,E1,
019,035.966. This is necessary to avoid impacts on the visual
resource and protect the Rock Feature.
Station 689-706 - The reverse curve aiignment should be used to
reduce impacts on the river and on the mountain, which would be
caused by the other alignments. Using this will necessitate the
reevaluation of the amount of retainer wall needed. Curve data for
this section is shown in the chart below.
Stations
689-692
693-696
696-700
700-706

De~~

14°
14 o ·
9°
3°

Curve fl
41
42
43
44

Tan~ent Coordinat e Point
N514,389,996,E1,019,422.989
N514,651.927,El,019,714.915
N514,772.032,El,020,083.101
N515,149.968,El,020,500.394

�6

Station 706-716 - Use tangent coordinate points N5l5,532.192,E1,021,
086.164 and a 9° or 10° curve. This will result in the least
impact on the river and may require less re tainer 'vall. The
impact on the hill at Station 716 with the 12°30' alignment is
too severe and will cause visual degradation • .
Station 716-724 - The 10° curve with either set of tangent coordinate
points is satisfactory.
Station 724-730 - The alignment as established by the coordinate points
is good . . The hill on the cut side is rock ledge with stable soils
Use rock rip rap instead of retainer wall on the river side of the
road. tv~ere soil pockets exist in the cut, they should be sloped
back and revegetated or retainer wall of log cribbing or rock dry
wall construction used.
Station 730-737 - Use 5°30' curve with either coordinate point shown
on the plans.
Station 737-743

Curve data for #48 or Off. Rev. #46 is . acceptable.

Station 743-748
The inside slopes of this curve are stable ledgerock
and gravel soils. Relocate P.1. points #49 and Off. Rev. #47
or use a flatter curve which will relocate the center 'line approximately 20' west of the 14° or 18° alignment.
The reason for this
is to protect the riparian habitat.
Station 748-757 - The 12°30' curve would cause excessive impact on the
river. The P.I. should be relocated 15' to 30' north along the
tangent line leading to coordinate point #50 and then use a 14°
curve. This change should allow the curve to fallon about the
same location- as the 18° curve and reduce the impact on the river.
It should also reduce the amount of retaining structure. The
retaining structure should be of Rock Rip Rap and not a concrete
wall. Retaining wall should be used on the north edge of the
road below Logan cave·. The waterfall feature should be designed
to enhance the fall rather than hide it.
Station 757-775 - Develop parking at Station 761 and provide safe highway crossing to Logan Cave. At Station 768 use the 14° curve at
coordinate point If519,422.325,El,024,005.507.
Use a through cut.
The access to the summer home at Station 773 is to be maintained.
Some fisherman parking should be developed on the old road bed.
Station 775-780 - Use 50 curve and P.I. point described for Off. Rev.
curve 1151.
Station 780-785 - Use 14° curve and P.I. coordinate data for Off. Rev.
curve #52.

�7

Station 785-792 - Use 14° curve and coordinate point for Off. Rev.
curve tl53.
St.ation 792-800 - Use 14° curve and coordinate point N521,589.423,
El,025,811.651. The abandoned road should be developed as
fisherman parking and as a waste disposal area with the appropriate Landscape Design and treatment. The 12°30' alignment is
a much greater impact on the visual resource.
Station 800-807 - Use 14° curve and P.I. coordinate point N522,483, 530,
El,025,765.054. Remove the old concrete which is presently being
used for Rip Rap. A retainer wall will be needed on this curve.
It should be placed at the existing water's edge.
Station 807-815

Use curve and coordinate point from Off. Rev. #56.

Station 815-825 - Use Off. Rev. li57 ,.,hich is a 9° curve and coordinate
point N523,184.736,E1,027,495.885. The old road between the
creek and the road is to be passable to vehicles ,.,hen construction
is complete. Use retainer walls as appropriate to ~ccomplish.
Station 825-835 - Use 14° curve and P.I. at coordinate point N522,946,
908,El,028,185.936. The 12°30' alignment causes a severe impact
on the cut side.
Station 838-847 - Avoid cutting into the hillside along this section.
The hillsides are unstable and seepages can be expected in the
cut area. The existing cut slopes are to be stabilized using
. rock, drywall-type construction, log cribbing or half bridge may
be acceptable on the fill sides. Fill slopes shall not be allowed
to reach the stream.
Station 847-855 - The proposed center line should be held near the
outside edge of the existing paving to avoid cutting into the
hillside ·which has the potential to unravel long distance up
the slope. The same type of stabilization on the fill slope
as above.
Station 855-865 - This curve should be a 14° curve using the P.I. at
N525,362.518, El,027,858.246. The outside of the curve betl"een
Station 860 and 865 can be used as waste disposal. The limits
of the area used will be established on site.
Station 865 to Rick's Spring will be evaluated ·,.,hen the additional
data is furnished.

�-

I

.

8

Plans Required
The following plans will be required before construction begins.
A Water Quality Management Plan will be developed by U DOT
for approval by the Forest Service. This plan will include;
a) ~!oni toring standards, frequency, intensi ty and qual ifications of monitoring personnel. b) ~Ieasures to be used during
construction to maintain the existing water quality standard.
c) Turbidity and other standards which will be met during con- .
struction. ~lacroinvertebeate analysis should be utilized
before, during and after construction .
. . 2.

An Erosion Control, Revegetation, Landscaping plan will be prepared by the state and approved by the Forest Service prior to
contruction. This ' plan will include plant species, location,
quantity and quality. It will specify erosion control techniques such as cribbing, jute netting, etc. by location. It
will discuss the handling of slope blending, rock features, etc.
The following is offered as an aid and guide in developing a
landscape plan.

Before construction begins the shaping and revegetation of disposal or
waste sites must be designed and planned to assure a natural appearance
occurs in these areas. Several waste disposal sit e s were evaluated.
They are:
1.
2.

Flat on outside curve above Ricks Spring.

4.
.

Wood Camp HollO\v (See November 18, 1976 Analysis by Clark
Ostergaard, attached).

3.

.

Gus Lind Flat.

On hill below lower Twin Bridges (north of road).
impacts are severe at this site .

s.

Across from Preston Valley Picnic Area upstream from the
waste area used in construction of the io\ver portions of
the road. It is in full view of Highway .

6.

Twin Creek Corrals, which is 3 miles up canyon from Ricks
Spring. The disposal could be completely screened from
the Highway and a road exists.

Visual

The T\vin Creek Corrals site appears to be the most favorable site
at this time and U DOT should consider the economics of using this
site. An Environmental Analysis will be the basis for selectirig
the site to be used .. ~ ___
t- ._" ~

&gt;
+_

.~~"~

�·'

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL

..

Environmental Analysis Report
for

0-7

Old juniper Trailhead

,

Da te

_-LlA~lo~\,,--r~[BIo·., .L...:.-:~/-=-q~..:........:6=-_ _
·

.r'

1. _ _ _ __

�The proposed ne\"1 trailhead for Old Juniper should have a capacity large
enough to serve the high country around Mt. Elmer. An estimated 20
vehicles should be able to park at the trailhead. Because of the size
needed for such a :facility, only four possible sites exist within the
Wood Camp ~ollow area. These possible sites are shown on the attached
map . The new trailhead should also provide for resource protection
by controlling ORV use that presently exists in the drainage.

I
•

The following is an evaluation of ·each of the four possible sites:
1•

This site is located at the mouth of Wood Camp Hollov/ and is
presently being used as a trailhead. If this site is the final
location, additional parking space will be needed. Additional
space could be gained by one of two possible ways.
a.

Fill the are~ south of the existing lot next to the stream.
This could be accompl ished by using the site as a waste .
area for the highway department when they are working on
the Logan Canyon High\vay. The main advantage to this \'JQuld
be little cost to the Forest Service and no cutting of the
hillside at the site would be required. The main disadvantage would be the covering of a small grassy area next to
the stream.

b.

Th~

area west of the existing lot could be leveled by
cutting the hillside, making the lot .10nger. The main
advantage to ihis would be total control of the activity.
It could be done force account or by contract . . The main
disadvantage would be exposure ~f raw cut banks that would
. be a problem to revegetate.

Other advantages of site #1 is the closeness to Logan Canyon
Highway requiring only a short distance of road. It would also
be a good location to control (barrier) ORVis.
2.

This site is located on a flat where ~ right-hand fork intersects
Wood Camp Hollow. The greatest advantage to development of this
site is its size and level topography, thus requiring only a
small amount of grading. The main disadvantages of the site are:
a.
b.

3.

The site is open making control of ORV's more costly and
difficult.
One-half mile would have to be rebuilt to get to the site.

This site is located at the point where the old eiisting road
fords the stream.
The main advantage to the site is that it is closer to Old
Juniper and the high country. The disadvantages are the mile
of new road needed to get to the site ~nd the lack of natural

I.
t'
I

�topography large enough for the needed parking lot) thus requiring
large cuts and fills. Control of ORVIs would be a ~roblem along
the access road to this site"because of the distance and ~rcas of
open country.

4.

This site is located at the beginning of the Old Juniper Trail
and at the end of the old existing road. This location is the
closest possible site to Old Juniper. The problem with the
site is the 10%+ slope ·and lack of space to put in a suitable
parking lot without having · to do a great deal of site disturbance.
Distance again from Logan Canyon (about 2 miles) is a disadvantage as well as ORV control along the access.

It is recommended that site #1 be developed filljn~ the area south
of the existing parking lot for the needed .expansion.

I· .

��,

rEconstr~ctLon

The
tix~

to

ppbl~C"

period should be li~ ~ted to a ~ini~u D of contract
construction safety hazar~s and inconvenLence to the
and to fac:j. lita°l:e proJIpt stabiliza tJ.on 02 c.ut and fill Elopes.
~iniDize

T~1e!:'e

,... ill be a ne2G to 0.cvelo·p a wori:" road to the pr:::&gt;;;&gt;oseeJ ~..:aste area
Ei te.
ThE lo~ation and llaintEnancE 'Would l'Eql! .,..re that adc:quat2 can·stcJeratlO:l bE given to sa::;.l stability and aesthetIc valuEs.

l"irE
Logan Cflnyon is a potent tally dangerous fi.re hazard area because of the
dense fol!.age on the valley floor ane the 80rl1pt slope on each side of
thE canyon. Road conE!-crr'. ction process ~ol J.ll generate additional risl::
iran EquJ.p~!l~nt operations} slash burning, cJogarettE sJlol{ers, 'tolarlling
fires} blasting) etc. This will require the contractor ta develop and
prectice an intensive f1re prevent10n and presuppression progran Yith
h.i.S people.
Fire resis-cailt plant species to Eta~)ilize CL~t and fill
slOPeS '\-nll rEduce the lire danger in thE canyon subsequent to constru~tion _
The use of a chipper to d5.spose o.f leaves ano. branches and stockpiling
o

tTEE trunks fo:r callpgrounc1 use ,",auld rec~uce fire risk cons idErably &gt;
and at the sa~e ti~e avoid air pollutian fro~ burn~ng green slash.

If there should be. any burning operations&gt; they should b~ coordinated
with fire danger' and poll!. tion indexes to Jlini~ize pollL!t Lon hazards.
;
BurnIng operations must also confor~ to th2 a~praved project f~re
prevent :.on and presup-press:!..oll plan .
Special and Functional Considerations
1.

The stcpp5.ng slope !I1ethoc1 or soJ}e sl:nila:i.~ :nethod of constrl~. ction
TJay be best suited to sta;)ilizing SO:lle of the longer cuts sllch as
will be :nade In Stations 6r-(8) 689&gt; 681, Dne 703 ..

2.

StreaTlqank vEgetation aiay be preserved b::- leaving It intact rather ·
than clearIng and then carefully placing riprap to avoid destruction
of trees and brush or by using gabions between a strip of vegetation
on the river edge and un0er the outs ide edge of the high-Hay.
0

3.

Keep silt da=nage to a 31inLnu:n pursuant to the worl~ of construct:Lon

01: br iQge footings anc1 support1ng Etruci.:ures. · The river diverslon
oall should be !I1ade by plac.tng coarse clEan rock :i.nto the strea:n
initially and bac~::ing "\-lith .finer l1C!tc:!" ::.als to develop the degree or
tightness needed. When the divers10~ da=n is r€~ovedl the finer
llate:;~ials . hould be re'l1ovec1 first follo:..Jec. by re.lloval of' coarse
s
rock and restoration of nor~al rl..ver channel and strea31 1'101;01. llat~r
heavily ladened with ~ud, silt, or CEll-2ilt sho~~lc1 not be pn.nped £"1'011
the "Worl.· arEa dil· ectl~r into the r:.i. ver bl~t shoL!ld be settled or
filtered out first.
~.

A Forest Offl.cer should be assigneD to the hlghway c~llstr~ction
project to insure resource protect~o a21 ane that p:-coper lntErp:-o
e"tatl.on
and coor{"iination j. E obtained thrC&gt;l!gho~.~t th2 ent5re construction
pEriod.

�5.

. "

The FOl'cst Offlcer in charge ,\-1111 be notj.f ieQ at least a day in

advance of CQnstrL~ct.LOn equip:nent that ts te&gt; be pL1t te&gt;
river preparing for bridge f03tin3s) etc.

"/or1~

t!1 thE

6.

Rf'spons5.btlit:,· !IE~st oe ~~ixeG betuE2n the For-est S::-rVl.CE and the
·
Utah Sta'~e H'.gh'&lt;lay Th.: 9artxent for the c0nt .i.nL~ed ~naintenanC:E anC!
cleanL!p of road sEctions left tntact far access or rEcreatLon
fishEl~:nen and phatogra~)hEi' parki.ng.

7

Blast~~ng procedures that slip rocl~ uo\Vn :I1L1st De used to avoi.d
offsite destr~~ction.
This Hould prevent rocl~ and dEbris fron
falling into the riVEr, c1ana.ge to trees and vegetatj.o~, and avoi.d
long periods of traff':o.c tie··up.

8.

Hauling o.r waste J1.ater}.als over the Hood Ca:np Bridge :nust conf'oI':l1
to load lillits -prescri.bec by the Fcn-est Officer in charge.

&gt;

Pione~r:i.ng

ai' the road r::'ght-of-way clearing should begin at the

lower slope stal:e elEvations ",here :)()ss:i.ble or partl.cularly in the
vlc:lnity of road S'tations bT8&gt; 63-·; ; 6~·:1, anel 703. This 'E.ll g~ve
the pre&gt;ject engineer and Forest OffiC:Er in charge an oP?artL!nity
to deter~ine whether subsl.!Tface leager~c~ will be encountered
'Wh~ch 'Hill :oake it possible to avoid longEr and higher ~l()pe ct~ts
and vegetati()n re~oval.
.
.

~ 10.

Special Use PErllits will be isstled foJ.~ (;onstl'uction
ivities outslde the road right-of··'-lay .

TelC!t~·c~

act--

. 11.
12.

B.

Steep and high slope (:uts can b~ rEc1L:C:ECl by constructing "lith curu
and gutter sections instead of us~tig reZl.!lar d1tch widths.
The State Hightolay Depart:nent will rei]l~.)t,:rse the Forest Service for
cost of relocation and develop~ent of tW3 recreation units lost by
high~.,ay construct :'.on tn. the China RO'·l picnj.c site ~

Unavoidable Adverse

Environ~ental

Effects

It is reasonable to antici:2ate a cUJ1ulatively · s:;_gnLfican't i:npact on the
envj.ron~ent

of
llent project.

L~gan

Canyon as a

re~ult

of thE proposed highT" ay illproV'e-

The ~ost significant 10ng~t€rll effect of the pro~ie(:t ',1 ill be an i:npair··
:CEnt of natl~ral beauty resulting rroll the l 'oad (;U-CS on thE l10unta inside.
The encroach~ent onto the river will be less significant, and w~ll
consist of l;.!nited strea.:nside vegetatIon re:11oval and the 5.nstallation
0:::- br5.dge colu:nns.
t:.~:: ":"I·'':!·'!':: \~i4'.L, t:!~.J;~!;·-:::

. P:)tential illpacts have Deen significantly rEc1uced by a decade o:~'
l.i1terc1isciplinar~! envil'on~(}ental stud:t.es anc~ planning.
There have also
been .11any reVie\lS that haVe resulted :In changes and re·fine~ents of the

road design.

�Reco~tr,endations
.

r

o"

1.

Approve tte project subject to the functional considerations and
the folloyl ine rc:co~n:nendations .

. 2. . Control adverse disturbance to ",lateY quality) soil, vegetat ion and

aesthetic values.

3.

Control runoff on cut and fill slopes and
erosion and silting of Logan River.

4.

Take Pl'OTpt action to stabilize soil and restore ground cover on
disturbed areas.

5.

Control noxious 'Heeds on cut and fill slopes and disturbed areas
until desirable ground cover is adequate to do the job . .

6.

Rerr.ove the topsoil) stockpile and replace topsoil on disturbed
areas suitable f'or revegetation.

7.

Take

pro~pt

ro~d

surface to

~ini~ize

action to stabilize material in fissures and narrol'I'

dra'-ls between ver~ical ledgerock outcrors and above slope cuts ..

8.

Provide satisfactory ~neasures to curb erosion at the inlets and
outlets of culverts and around bridge footings.

9.

Design and install drainage structures to handle peak flows.

10.

11.

Disturb no ground surface outside of c· earing stake lillit \-lithout
l
pripr approval of the forest officer in charge.
Provide adequate drainage to ~nn~JllZe c1a~ge frb~n sloughing or :nud
encountered in the construction at spring and bog areas.

f1o~vs

flo~'l '

12.

Protect natural strea.ll veloei ties anCi
processes.

during constr1,lction

13..

Provide protection of existing and potential recreation sites f'ro:a
undue construct ion i!llpact s ..

14.

Regulate construction activities and i~pacts to facilitate public
recreation use.

15 . .

}'~intain

16.

Avoid Logan River channel changes.

17.

Landscape disturbed areas to restore aesthetics.

18.

l.ark trees to be preserved bordering the highYlay clearing li:ni ts
where they are not safety hazards und it is possible to work the
Equip~ent around the~.

suitable access during and follo~" ing construction to special.
use areas, fisher:nan and photographer turnouts, and recrea-tion sites.

�,.

..

.'

"

-.)0 ~

19.

Properly dispose of stu:'}ps, slash, and debris created by construction
activities.

20.

Cut trees taken out to 8-foot lengths or shorter the n s tockpile at
designated sites for use in ca~pgrounds.

21.

Develop roadside turnouts and parking areas in the vicinity of highway survey stations 609, 618, 666)675,69 8 , 706} 713) 725) 755, 761~
763} 769, 770, 793, 796} 802, 809, 810, 821, 835·

22.

Preserve the Cilina ROH Spring and provide roadside turnout space
for two auto~obiles.

23.

Design suitable access into the neH

high~"ay

at the follovling locations:

b.

\{ood

·c.

Ca~p

CottonHood Canyon Recreation
Site
Brachiopod SUJ11::er Recreation
Residence Area

f.

Right Fork Road Junction

d.
e.

a.

~\lin

Recreation Site

Logan Cave Parking

Bridges Re'creation Site

24.

Have contractor provide adequate llaste and garbage disposal . for pro-.
ject personnel and construction activities.

25..

Treat abandonEG road sections by scul,~:rc uring and revegetating to
restore to a near natural condition.

26.

Cut stu~ps to the ground surface llhere visible i'rom the highHay and
areas of public use.

27.

Frovide for access
Canyon Cave.

28..

Treat road~" ay to keep dust settled both day and night during the
construction period.

29..

Keep construction noises to a
and special use sites.

30.

Keep air pollution fro~ construction activities within
prescribed environ~ental quality controls.

31.

futigate

32.

lflitigate the i:npact to '-lildlife and Ylildlife habitat.

33..

Keep oil) grease, and chemicals originat ing fro!1l construct ion and
~aintenance activities and operations out of LDgan River.

34..

P-.cotect tree overhang without creat ing a road hazard ..

:fro~the

encroach~ent

CottonHood Parking Area to the Logan

~iniT.u~

in the vicinity of recreation
li~its

or

daTage to fisheries habitat.

�.. -

•

I

.,

, 5. "
3

..

Keep

construction equipJ2ent llork in the river to an absolute !JinLnu:n.

I ,.
f

t ':

,36.

Protect and replac e signs and other
construction activities.

il1prove~ents

disturbed by the

~

i
i

i ;

3'T.

Construct all cut and fill slopes s ubj ect to erosion 2:1 or flatter
yhere topographic conditions permit.

38.

Protect or reference legal land Tarkers.

39 .

Locate and utilize 'Hort caT.p areas, equip:nent, and supply yards to
protect aesthetics and to avoid conflict 1-1ith pub~ic activity and
reSO'.lrcc -,,"8.1ue s .

40.

Re move surplus ~aterial froll road cuts and deposit it at the 'Haste
site designated.

I

41.

7.~.covide

h·2 .

Properly sign to protect and inforJl the public.

1~3.

Provide well . :nanaged detours for public convenience and Forest
Service ad~inistration.

1~!~.

Confine construction and restoration activities to a
tiT.E.

45.

Construction equip~entJ crusher and ~lxlng plant must be equipped
with- effective mufflers, spark arrestors) screens and filters.

46.

Locate and develop 'Hork roads and access "lhich fully provide for
soil stability and aesthetic values.

l~7.

Protect resource values fro~ increased fire hazards during construction.

h8.

Revegetate disturbed areas with perennial plants to ~inimize fire
hazards.

49.

Protect residual vegetation vlhere burning right-of-way slash and
debris cannot be avoided.

50.

Coordinate burning operations with the burning and pollution indexes.

51.

Keep high",ay guardrailing to a

52.

Keep storage and stockpiling of construction
road ri ght-of -",'lay •

53.

for public ss.fety in location) design and construction
operation.

~inLnu~

!nini~uJ1

contract

consistent vTith public safety.
~aterials

within the

Along riprapped sections replant r,illo"\'ls or other suitable species
are not particularly attractive to grazing by big ga~e.

~lhich

,

r~

i

!

I

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                <text>Evaluation of preconstruction and environmental analysis</text>
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                <text>Evaluation of preconstruction of Logan Canyon including diagrams of the suggested widening of lanes and a detailed list of stations and their modifications. Also included is an environmental analysis report for Old Juniper Trailhead by Clark Ostergard.</text>
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                <text>St. John, Chandler P.</text>
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                <text>Ostergard, Clark</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>Logan Canyon (Utah)</text>
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                <text> Traffic engineering</text>
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                <text> Roadside improvement--Utah--Logan Canyon</text>
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                <text>1979-09-26</text>
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                <text> Utah</text>
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                <text> Weber County (Utah)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="68543">
                <text> United States</text>
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                <text>1970-1979</text>
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                <text>Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Sierra Club, Utah Chapter Archives, 1972-1986, COLL MSS 148 Series VIII Box 28 Folder 8</text>
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                <text>View the inventory for this collection at: &lt;a href="http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv03390"&gt;http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv03390&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Special Collections and Archives, phone (435) 797-2663.</text>
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                    <text>UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRI C UL.TURE
FOREST SERVICE

W
asatch National Forest
8226 Federal Bldg., 125 So. State·
Salt Lake City, Utah 84138
7720
December 6, 1979

Marta Douma Tollerup
P.O. Box 3561
Logan, Utah 84321
L

Dear Ms. Tollerup:
We appreciate your interest in the Logan Canyon Highway project and
commend you for wanting to be adequately informed to give realistic
input. In response to your letter we will follow the same numerical
sequence.
1.

An Envirornnental Assessme.nt Report cons ti tutes a Forest Service
Decision Document. The decision by the Forest Service to allow
the proposed project to proceed in and through National Forest
land was made April 20, 1971, when the Environmental Assessment
Report (EAR) was approved. This approval was given subj ect
to, 12 "Special and Functional Considerations" listed on page
29 and 30, and 53 "Recommendations listed on page 37, 38, and
39 of that report.
The 1971 EAR was given to Utah Department of Highway officials
on May 18, 1971, in a meeting which was held to discuss the ·
contents of that report. That · report was for their use in
prepa.ring an Environmental Statement .
On October 15-18 of 1979 an Interdisciplinary Team from the
Wasatch National Forest conducted an ·evaluation of 3 different
alignments for improving the Logan Canyon Highway. All three
alignments were very close to the existing road alignment. The
basic difference between the three alternatives was the radius
of the curves. That evaluation was forwarded to the Utah
Department of Transportation (UDOT) on November 26, 1979, and
a copy is attached for your reference.

2.

A copy of the EAR which was approved in 1971 and given to UDOT
is also enclosed. To reduce printing costs the appendix material is not included. It can be reviewed in the Logan District
Ranger's offiee located at 21 West Center Street, Logan, Utah.
Phone number 752-9533.

: .... .

J

�The environme ntal effects were disc us sed in the 1971 EA, again
in our evaluation report submitted in November of 1979 and
will be discussed again by the UDOT in the Environmental
Assessment they are preparing. The significance of environmental effects will vary by alternatives. , We have recognized
scenic, recreation, fisheries, and total river environmen't
values as being the most · significant resource . concerns to be
considered.
Alternatives ' which were considered in the 1971 EAR (page 32)
by the Forest Service are:
1.

No Reconstruction.

2.

Resurfacing on the existing alignment.

3.

Alternate Routes.
a.

Through Blacksmith Fork Canyon.

b.

Strawberry-Sharen Forest Highway.

Our evaluation report prepared in November 1979 considered
three alignments within the existing Logan Canyon Highway
corridor.
~

The Forest Service has not requested an Environmental Statement to be prepared ..
3.

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is the lea,d agency,
since they are the Funding Agency. The UDOT is preparing
the EA for submission to FHWA who will make the decision on
funding. We will continue evaluation to achieve compliance
with constraints we think appropriate for the project.

4.

Enclosed is a copy of the Forest Service proc.edures for implementing the National Environmental Policy Act as published . in the Federal Register July 30, 1979.
The Forest Service method used to determine major actions
which significantly affect the quality of human environment and require an Environmental Impact Statement is the
Environmental Analysis. The .significance of effects must
be considered in terms of context and intensity. A discussion of those things to be considered are contained in
Section 1951.8 of the Forest Service procedures. Those
actions requiring an EIS are outlined in Section 1952.2.
We will use the UDOT data and EA to insure compliance with
. NEPArequirements.

t
' I

•

or

"

t

.: ....

-

••

' .'"

'

�We b~lieve that the route · through Logan Canyon needs to be
improved enough so it can safely serve the traveling public,
while maintaining the scenic, recreation, fisheries and other
·ecological values. It it should be necessary, in order to
adequately safeguard these values, the . Forest Service can,
for the portions of the H~ghway traversing National Forest
lands, insist that adequate safeguards be used and needed
adjustments made. We believe the proper care has been defined
in the above mentioned documents which are enclosed. We also
believe, in our contacts with UDOT, that proper consideration
will be given to protecting the critical resource values in
any project proposal.

."1&lt;-

Thank you again for your
answered your questions.

inte~est.

We h ope we have satisfactorily
If not, .please let us know.

Sincerely,

Ovr )f.~
Yv

CHANDLER P. ST. JOHN
Forest Supervisor

,

,

.

.

-'

.

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                <text>Correspondence from Chandler St. John to Marta Tollerup discussing the Environmental Assessment Report approved in April 1971 used in preparing another more current report, noting that three sections of the road through Logan Canyon was in need of alignment changes in the radius of the curves, and that Logan Canyon Road (US Highway 89) needs to be improved so it can safely serve the traveling public while maintaining scenic, recreation, fisheries, and other ecological values.</text>
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                    <text>:.::.:..
:.:::::.::.:... ...... .

Dear Audubon Friends,
When I was hired to work on the Logan
Canyon highway issue as a public awareness
coordinator, I had never read the Environmental
Impact Statement. The massive, highly technical
document is more than a little intimidating, and
certainly does not qualify as bedside reading,
even for diehards like Steve Flint. When I actually sat down with it I was in for a shock. As the
numbing statistics and endless maps began to
add up, a picture began to emerge in my mind.
The picture I saw horrified me.
About that time, Scott Smith and myself
were preparing a Logan Canyon slide presentation, and I asked him to get some shots of other
Wasatch Front canyons wh
ere similar projects had been completed. Actually, we had all of them to choose from. Logan
Canyon is the last intact, through canyon on the
Wasatch Front.
By chance, the canyon he happened to
shoot was Provo Canyon. He hit a nerve.
I grew up at the mouth of Provo Canyon.
That canyon was a place of spiritual wonder and
endless adventure. Many mornings I pedaled
my bike along its gentle winding road, basking in
the fragrance of cottonwoods and pines. At my
side a rambunctious river played, and above me,
waterfalls cascaded down towering cliffs.
As I stared at Scott's slides of Provo Canyon
I saw a canyon floor literally devoid of any fonns
of life. The cottonwoods and willows that graced
the canyon bottom have been buried under cutand-fill material. Rubble and pavement stretch
from canyon wall to canyon wall. The once wild
river of my childhood lies silent and stale in a
freshly bulldozed channel. Huge metal retaining
sheets barricade the canyon walls.

:Z-t

I have not been sleeping well since. Late at
night I lie in the dark, aching for a place that is
gone and fearing for a place I have come to love, Logan Canyon. I recall all the well-worn phrases
being bandied about, phrases like, "This is a new ~
era of road-building. Roads are now built in an E~­
environmentally sensitive manner." The Provo 3
Canyon road is being constructed right now, and ~
that road tells me that there is no such thing as a ~
"sensitive" destruction. As Bruce Pendery said,
.
"The longer I am in the sciences, the more I realize ~
that we are not God." There is no way to put a ~
two-million-year-old canyon back together \
again after you take it apart. Mitigation can't ~
restore the original creation.
~
I have now joined the long line of people ~
crawling up and down the Logan Canyon road
measuring and surveying and feeling sick in the ~
pit of my stomach. There is no way to fit this ~
project into this canyon without carving out a ~
good deal of the canyon. Asljointhehundredsof ~
people who have studied this canyon and meas- ~
ured its resiliancy against the proposed project, I
am in the company of some of the most intelJi~
gent, articulate and informed members of our
community. These are not knee-jerk rabble
rousers. The canyon has been probed and measured and tested by scientists from many disCl- ~ \
plines. The overwhelming consensus they arrive '~
at is that this highway project will destroy biolog- ~
ical eco-systems, reduce safety, harm tourism \
~
and devastate the canyon's scenic values.
The Utah Department of Transportation ~
has come under fire because of the enormous ,S::.5\
sums already spent on the environmental review ~
process. Pressure is mounting to push this
project through in order to justify past expenditures, and the final Record of Decision is due in

r

�early summer. The irony is that the very reason it
has been so costly and time-consuming is
because it is not proving to be a viable project.
Though US Highway 89 through Logan Canyon
is considered a minor arterial, this proposed
project has generated more controversy than any
road in the entire state, with the exception of the
Burr Trail. The controversy exists because the
project is simply an enormously destructive
waste of money.
The Utah Department of Transportation
initially justified the project based on safety.
When a seven-year study conducted by independent scientists concluded that the project would
re~ult in a more dangerous road, UDOT changed
their tactics.
They next advocated the project for efficiency's sake, pointing to a reduced travel time,
from 48 minutes to 43 minutes. But the cost of $21
million seemed . a staggering sum to pay for a
savings of five minutes, especially since most of
the traveling public seemed to enJoy their time
spent in the canyon. And destroying an entire
canyon for a savings of five minutes seemed
absurd.
They then pointed to pressures on the
canyon from increased traffic. There is irony in
this position also, as one of the very reasons that
Logan Canyon draws so much traffic is because it
offers a beautiful natural experience. Once the,
canyon is carved up to make the scenery more
accessible, there will not be much scenery left.
UDOT emphasizes Logan Canyon's role as
an important traffic conduit. A simple road map
will disprove the point. Logan Canyon is not a
bottleneck between Canada and Mexico, and is
not even a direct route to Yellowstone. It is a relatively small, very beautiful byway. Travelers
choose to go the longer route through Logan
Canyon because of its scenic qualities. Even if the
route were five minutes faster, it would be
nowhere near as fast as alternative routes. And
the notivation for traveling the longer route
through Logan Canyon would disappear. A
wide, high-speed highway would destroy the
canyon's ambiance.
Now UDOT lamely pushes the plan,
without specifying a clear need or purpose. It is
time to put this dinosaur to rest.
This road controversy is more than 20 years
old. When it was initially planned, these projects

were accepted unquestioningly. Any development was good development. Since that time we
have experienced a shift in public perceptions.
We are in a new era, an era when we are all realizing that the frontier is gone. We are running out
of wild rivers and wild canyons. We are looking
to our remaining wild places to fulfill spiritual
needs, to find escape from the pressures of a
world that has speeded up, dirtied up, and filled
up past our ancestors' wildest dreams.
All over the country there is mounting pressure to preserve the beautiful natural places that
remain to us. Projects that have been in the planning stages for 20, 30,50 years are being turned
back at the last hour by intense, organized-public
opposition.
The UDOT officials are our public servants.
Our money pays their salaries and buys their
bulldozers. We demand a say in these decisions
affecting our canyon.
Please join us in blanketing every desk
between here and Washington with letters
condemning this needless, wasteful, destructive
project. Help us in our effort to carry a personal
appeal to Washington to visit with the agencies
that oversee these projects.
It is time to make our last stand. It is time to
save our canyon.
Yours in friendship and purpose,
Nadene Steinhoff

�'

..

TWEL VE REASONS TO OPPOSE THE PREFERRED
ALTERNATIVE FOR LOGAN CANYON
1. ECONOMIC
The proposed highway project for Logan
Canyon will cost $21 million, in a state where
funds are desperately needed elsewhere. For
example, Utah ranks lowest in the nation for
ed ucational funding.

2. TOURISM
Tourism is the top private sector industry in
Utah, and brings millions of dollars into the
local economy. Logan Canyon is the top
The
tourist attraction in Cache County. , activity rated highest by visitors to Logan
Canyon is "viewing the scenery."

3. NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE
Logan Canyon was proposed as a National
Park, has been named a National Scenic
Byway, has been listed as one of the 12 most
scenic routes through America's national
forests, and was listed first in a national
magazine promoting Utah's scenic byways.
One magazine article referred to Logan
Canyon as "spectacular."

4. NEG ATIVE PUBLICITY
In a major state-by-state comparison, Utah
ranked near the bottom in environmental
awareness and protection. Earlier construction in the canyon added to that perception,
as national magazine articles condemned the
devastation. One article in National Parks
Magazine was entitled: "Logan ' Canyon:
Standards for Destruction."

s.

SCENIC BEAUTY DESTROYED
The road is due to be re-routed, on average,
once every three-quarters of a mile throughout the length of the tanyon. Massive cuts
are planned to achieve a straighter alignment
and substantially increased road width.
Roadside plant communities and forests will
be replaced by unsightly gashes in the hillsides. In the lower canyon barren slopes
have not re-vegetated -yet, though the cuts.
were made 20 to 30 years ago.
Clear zones of 22 feet may level the forest

on each side of the road, cutting a wide swath
through the cottonwood, river birch and box
elder trees that line the river canyon. Many
of the limber pines that grace the summit will
be removed to accommodate passing lanes,
wider pavements, clear zones, intersections,
and road realignments.
In some places the river will be intruded
upon, lined by cement retaining walls or
"riprap." Logan River's wild and scenic
qualities will be drastically reduced.

6. SAFETY A seven-year study of accidents on the lower,
already widened stretch of the road documents four times the number of rollovers
compared to the middle and upper stretches.
Accidents on the widened stretch tend to be
more severe, often resulting in serious injury
or death.
The plan eliminates switchbacks down to
Bear Lake, producing a very steep downgrade. High elevations and north-facing
slopes will create icy winter conditions and a
greatly increased potential for serious accidents in Rich County.
Unstable slope cuts have created an excess
of loose roadside rubble and rock in other
Wasatch Front canyons, leading to
hazardous driving conditions.

7. INCONVENIENCE
Major road work will block traffic and cause
lengthy delays in the canyon for years, with
an ad verse effect on recreation, tourism and
through-traffic.

8. CANYON DEVALUED
The draft Final Environmental Impact Statement justifies the highway project by emphasizing the benefits of a reduction in travel
time from 48 minutes to 43 minutes. The time
spent traveling the canyon is listed in the
DEIS as a negative experience, and our
National Scenic Byway is portrayed as
merely a traffic conduit.

�We believe this is a gross misrepresentafion of Logan Canyon, a canyon which offers
spectacular scenery, unsurpassed recreaa
tional activities, and " n increasingly important refuge from our crowded cities. Logan
Canyon is a destination, not just a line on the
map from Point A to Point B.

9. TAXPAYER OPPOSITION
In a survey conducted by Utah State Univer-

sity, fully 85 percent of Cache County residents were opposed to modifications to the
road. The project will be financed, in part, by
those same residents.

10. FISH HABITAT
A cutthroat trout spawning ground on
Beaver Creek will probably be destroyed.
Fish populations and habitat downstream of
Beaver Creek, Temple Fork, Ricks Spring
and other areas will be reduced.

WE SUPPORT
better maintenance of the existing road
widened bridges
more pullouts for slow drivers
several climbing lanes, turning lanes,
and parking areas, and more signs.
We support
preservation of Logan Canyon
truly one of the last,
best places in the West.
Please write a letter to protect Logan Canyon.
If you have already written, please write again.
Address your letter to:
James Naegle
Utah Department of Transportation
4501 South 2700 West
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119

11. WILDLIFE
Big game will lose forage area, potentially
reducing their numbers. Numerous species
of wildlife dependent on streamside vegetation will be harmed. Collisions with cars will
be more deadly to both animals and drivers
due to higher speeds.

12. QUESTIONABLE LEGALITY
The highway project will necessitate excessive changes "to the Wasatch-Cache Forest
Plan, which is a legally binding document.
Major revision of the forest plan technically
requires an entirely new environmental
review process, along with extensive public
involvement. These conditions have not
been met. The' project rests on very shaky "
legal ground in other areas as well.

A letter to the editor would help too!

Bring a copy of your letter to HANDS ACROSS
THE CANYON, or mail it to:
Protect Logan Canyon
198 South 300 West
Logan, Utah 84321
Copies will be mailed to every official and
agency with potential influence in this decision, and will be collected for a personal appeal
in Washington.
If you can enclose 20 stamps (or a cash contribution for copying and postage expenses) it
would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!

BRIDGERLAND AUDUBON SOCIETY
CITIZENS FOR THE PROTECTION
OF LOGAN CANYON

�HANDS ACROSS
THE CANYON
It is time to protect one of the last, best canyons in the West. On Saturday, April 25, at 11
a.m., there will be a silent vigil held at the top of
Logan Canyon. We will form a human chain
across one of the most beautiful limber pine
canyons along the road. This heavily forested
canyon, bordered by spectacular views of the
Bear River Mountains and Bear Lake, is slated to
be buried under cut-and -fill rubble. We must not
allow this project.
The short vigil will include songs and a
period of silence. Each individ ual who is moved
to speak on behalf of our canyon will be given a
c~ance to add his or her thoughts to the gathenng.
Local, state and national media will be
invited. A syndicated article and photo of the
.event will be released to all major ne:wspapers
and news magazines.
According to an extensive comparison
study, Utah is rated almost rock bottom in environmental awareness and protection. It is time to
change that, and to demonstrate that people in
Utah respect this earth.
The vigil is sched u1ed the same week as
Earth Day, Arbor Day, and the birthdays of John
Audubon and John Muir. Let us walk in the
vision of these individuals and prepare to make
our last stand for the canyon.
The vigil site is located just past the Limber
Pine trailhead, at mile post 405.1. Please enter the
canyon by 9:30 a.m. and driye slowly in single file
through the canyon. Parking will begin at the
jeep trail off to the right side, just past the Middle
Sinks (mile post 404) and will extend over the
summit to the Bear Lake overlook (mile post 406).
Parking is limited, so you will need to share rides.
Please utilize every passenger space in your car,
and carefully conserve parking space. Plan on
arriving at the summit an hour early, as you may
have to walk a mile or be ferried to the site. Wear
bright colors and stay carefully to the inside
shoulder. There will be safety monitors, slow
si~, ferries, and parking lot escorts to help you
orIent yourself. The parking lot nearest to the site
will be reserved for media vehicles, post-vigil
refreshments, and" green" music (Irish, that is).

BRING A COpy OF YOUR LETTER TO
UDOT. Have your children bring hand-painted
pictures of Logan Canyon.
This vigil will take place regardless of the
weather. We welcome any rain, snow, wind or
sun Mother Earth wants to send us.
Please contact as many people as possible
about this event, so that everyone who wants to
can participate.
Please RSVP by April 15 to Nadene or
Bruce. For safety reasons, we must have anidea
of how many will attend.
If you or your group would like a tour of
the canyon, o Logan Canyon slide show
a
presentation, or information, please call:
Nadene Steinhoff 753-0497
Bruce Pendery 750-0253
(answering machine)
,.

.

GIVE A MILE
We intend to carry our quest to the highest
levels. We will visit each overseer agency and
press for a reversal on this project decision.
It is 4,000 miles to Washington, D.C. and
back. Our trip will cost 20 cents for every mile
traveled. Can you help u·s with'our appeal? Each
mile you sponsor may save a mile in our canyon.
A suggested donation is listed below, although
any amount is appreciated. All donations are tax
deductible.
.
Child .... 10 miles ($2)
Adult. ... 100-500 miles ($20-$100)
Business. ~ . .250-500 miles ($50-$100)

All . donors, along with all ~ °Eroes and
l
heroines involved in our canyon effort, will be
listed in the next issue of The Stilt. Please send
your donation to:
Sue Robertson, Treasurer
Bridgerland Audubon Society
1780 East 1400 North
Logan, Utah 84321

�CANYON TASK.FORCE TO MEET ON APRIL 8
A Canyon Task Force is being organized. We will need massive amounts of time, energy and talent to
save our canyon. Meet us at The Bluebird Restaurant on Wednesday, April 8 at 7:30 p.m. Please come
ready to work., and with some idea of which committee you would like to help with. Specific "how to"
information and details will be provided to
.
.
each coordinator.
Appeal In WashIngton
3-5 Page Position Paper and Summary of Flaws in EIS
1 Page Summary
Hands Across the Canyon
a. Impact on Fisheries
Community Publicity
b. Impact on Wildlife Habitat
Phone Tree Coordinator
Refreshments Coordinator
Business People for the Canyon
Trash Coordinator
Supporters Needed to Organize Appeal
Parking Coordinator
Safety Coordinator
Media Support Services
Coordination With Other Local
and State Environmental Groups

SUMMARY OF PREFERRED AL TERNATIVE
Current road width through all sections is 26 feet.
Clear zone requirements through Sections 1B, 2 and 3 are 18-22 feet each side of road.
Section 1A

Begins at Right Hand Fork (4 miles)
Width: 26 feet
Curve cuts: 2 possible

Section 1B

Begins just past Logan cave (4 miles)
Width: 34 feet
Curve cuts: 6
Intersections: 2

Section 2

Begins just past Ricks Springs (13 miles)
Width: 6.5 miles at 40 feet
6.5 miles at 47 feet
Curve cuts or realignments: 6
Intersections: 7

Sections 3A and 3B

Summit to Garden City (6 miles)
Width: 47 feet
Curve cuts or realignments: 20
Intersections: 2 or 3

�</text>
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              <text>To order photocopies, scans, or prints of this item for fair use purposes, please see Utah State University's Reproduction Order Form at: &lt;a href="https://library.usu.edu/specol/using/copies.php"&gt;https://library.usu.edu/specol/using/copies.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Last Chance for Logan Canyon</text>
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                <text>Information regarding a vigil being held in Logan Canyon, donation opportuinites, twelve reasons to oppose the preferred alternative for Logan Canyon, and a summary of the preferred alternative.</text>
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                <text>Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Sierra Club, Utah Chapter Archives, 1972-1986, COLL MSS 148 Series VIII Box 29 Folder 6</text>
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                <text>View the inventory for this collection at: &lt;a href="http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv03390"&gt;http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv03390&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Special Collections and Archives, phone (435) 797-2663.</text>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="173143">
                    <text>AO MIHI S TIA T ION O FFI C E
1-40 WEST SfCON O SOUTH ST .
SALT LA IC E CITY 1, UTAH
OIAl El9.9lU

.... IZON ... OHlef,

102 1 E.

Co",.lba(~

Id.

'hoe";., A.;.ong
Oiol CR 4· 770 B

O fl fCl O f

Mr . Ray V. s tewa r t
President 69r. Intorna tional
OlfICU$:

l "Y V. STEWAU

""Id,.'o hlol"
W .. 'o.n.
W
illi,,,,,, ",1
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Fl o'l.'off, A.IIC.".

I ENTl EY I&lt;oCITCHELL
Vlc. · ' r•• id eM
l&lt;o4 ilch. II !ooIot.1

L"" ", U I.~
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...

to 51,.10 101010'

Wi~h "but. ,

"',hoft.

DIUClOU,
5UlllUt.4 0 S£OAHO

De a r RaJ"
I hope t hat ~our r eturn trip W a s p1ea nunt e s ourB
B.
wa • • W had a good time wi t h you i n M za tlan nd wish
e
a
t hAt WI e oul d hav e atayed longer. lie di d atlly ono c.ay i n
Pheonix Where we vi.ited wi th 80m of our friend. we hAd
e
not a e en tor aevera l years .

W hope that t he rain we ran in to in Arizona hae exe
ten ded into y our area. They told ua at Pheonix that t h o
Whole ot northern Arizona W S having a good r a 1n . W had
a
o
to turn W
est fraa Pheonix and go clea r into Ca l i1'ol'nia
bofore turn1nf, llorth in order to get a r r ound t h e s t orm .
I have opened the account her e in thv Fir s t Na tional

I U.NEn ,. . HfNOlYX

C.,".'o"hlOKl udTo~ ..
, .. t" i IC~ 1 Ut,h

Sank in the name of Highway 69 ra Int t l Promoti ona1
erna ions.

Fund . I de p oe! ted

~ho

tour h und r ed dollar a heck whl Gh you
chock tor the a dvertising
1n t he Brochure wh ioh ve agreed t hnt we would e a oh purohale
in advance in order to have auttlo1ent funds to get the
program on the va.,. .

:i';:'t~:C~i':';.·"~~~cI.ha8ent me togethel~ wi L my pe r lona l
h

r.4 .. " I~ti .... h:l,""

~I~~t;':.:,jl~~~~:'u
A lp l .., W~", I ",

IICHA.O C . FUCiUS
Fe. q u. 10401.1
5 ... tF. U' , Mo",...

AI you lmow t h e r e will be conSi derable expense invclved in ge.tlng eve rything ready for l·lI1ot in to go on t he
IXICUTIVI nClElAlT: road . I am planning t o go to Salt Lake one day th10 week
MAITlNH . C ANfWILL to go over t he final
plana tor his work . At t ha t tlr.:e wo
~!t'1~ks:~i~~fU::
mUlt})e pre pa red t o pay tor getting out the r ece1pts and
other materia l whioh he will need . By the time I pay him
the stipulated . um ot one h undr ed dollar. per week tor t he
month ot February we will be broke unl. . . a ll of the Director . send in their advertiaing money as agroed upon a t
the meeting i n Afton .

W
ill you plea se send in y our monoy by re t urn

to help t h e Oauae along .

SCENIC ROUTE OF THE AMERICAS

~1l

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COllvsntion
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t.hld rot; r u at. J~Ck80 ,1 .·ole to tul, i'Uout p: Y 3nt1l~ b~ pU;S8;J of com..ounities on
our l'o.ant 4. .WELlB . Dtlntlu,i' .. 111 r eruner (,,0)'011 f1 " ... 1..0 ..i.3. Ilt1 , to fIo"'- V
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ig .• t .

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prI\JYtSnt ouch b. p&amp;.::3sirlt:; wi t;".o.. t

1 1fot.;J.J 11.L.$ to hear f"fot! y()~ boU) 1. o4ately t1 to YOU1' lJ.a
_b ut h' vin him or.
t.tl 1- r",~ram. Tbe party who c 1m! ·. . 111 !JOY t.c.&amp;t h1s dxpo),~eO .;.re fail ;0 no '- at
will acrua to t"o . J oc atiof: . I ,10 not. .iUjOIf 'A'h~ther it ls t o:Llh·l .: Io (' b
t... get
kt:ay fo-r
0 IV " b e1tJler , but b--o.for 1 '" ,j( b1= I .... (l.l. t yO\1.1' op 1110_ :J 8
t.. 11 '!"Ie~ you
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8
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I

think it:. vel" and iAarUn 1t you &amp;1'\:;.
give =e your bonest opiJ.lon end ·l.OI.lt.
•0

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, 1l6nsa .

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I pill be a tte nd i ng a meeting or.. Sept l Ot h a t which -:.0 .... 0.
I coulJ have your '3.Dswer by t ht::u it ;;oul· l be fine .
Best regards to all the f/J.:lIil~' .

lill 8]:·

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t~

�AD MIN IS TRAT I O N Of FIC E
\ &lt;1 0 W EST SECOND SOUTH ST.
SAlT LA KE CITY I , UTAH
DIAL EL9 ., J U

ARIZONA Off iCE ,
10 2 1 E. Co",.l bo&lt;. R .
d
' h... ni.o; , A,i.o no
Dial CR &lt;1 · 7701

AuiflllUI.
O ff iC E O f
.... y Y. STEWA R' , , ... dd.nl

5JO W. alii Willlo",.

•

RAY v. STEWART
" •• Id.",

Enc lo s ed i s a cop,y of a letter t o t~tin in reply to hi s of the 11th
.iith a report on the prol~re :; t o date of the rrocotio:cl r-ro.;ram .

W."., n., 101 01.1
Willi.",., A, I.o".

1010,,0" 101 0 ' 0"

FI.",.ff, "" ;.0...
IHHlEY IoI ITCHiLL
W • •" ..ld. nt
I&lt;
loI il &lt;h. 1I 10101. '
LOQlu, U'.h
W. G . .... SS

s..&lt;r ••• 'y.T' ........
L. SI..,. 1oI0h '

Wld..nbv, • • A rI. o~

July 20, 1957

Dear Dentley ,

O'FICE IS,

S. O. 1oI0UOW
vlu ·".,ld.,,'

Willia M. , A.bollO

I 8lll very m
uch concerneJ about tne .. ay il:. is going 8.", i t seems t o me i t
is or ,;,;.gr; i ng much t o slo •.l y . I ful.ly r etl.lize i t is a. tre:....euJ.ous job , and
I am c onvinc e ... that 110 or,e C;.d). bet tna .J ob ,lor,e i., t. time aUctL.eu
vtithout mort:! nel p . I al..;o _'u1ly re:.J~, ~ the FrubleGl of &amp;ett~r;~
uit .ble
larson to help, but I can see no alt ernntive t o .oiLe;: i t c..n.i lioir,s it as
,uil..kly as possi·:lle . The s1.l.l!1:t.er i s half "one 1,0" with onJ...v six weeks of
it left and scarec ely hl,~ of our luota raised to date and cons i dercl&gt;ly
l ess than that ac t u.:Uly collucteJ .

DI_IC T
Od ,
IiUIlLUIotO SEDA NO I :feel very c ertain t hat if we go to the ::oIlventi on and have to report less
1'101.1 F,.! 101.' .... &lt;I. HI..
Ho,.I." ....or. , ", • • i.-than half of t he _~uo:a r aise.l t ha.t it iill very seriou'l:; effect our'fforts .

,ith just 10 weeks lei t u;.l:.i l th~ :onventiOli it L ;ojng to be whale of a
f:"';~ii:h~Ul,:~ ...tI TOW
'big job t o eet an:-:thin.,; like half of t he :.J.uot:~ collect e 1. I n f a c t I ha been
~lANK w. SOI/iATl hopil..c i I:. would be j os sible t o repor t t o t :'e Convention t hat t he Brochure
F].. , s.c., .., ""k of Id.1oo uld
.
loIon'p. n" ,ld."
W
O
go t o pr ess ~n c tobcr or 10velllber at lc:..test .

IURNErr A . HENDRYX

°

DALLAS A. CLI NGER
"rin~ S.ddl. lodu
A pl u ,

W,o",;n,

RICHARD C . FUGUS
h t' u. 10101.1
6,ul F. U. , 101 0,,1...

The Br ochure of c our se t o do the greatest Good for ne t year should be r da,iy
fo r '.li stribut ioll not l a t er t han Dec ember as that i s rohen people start
planui ng fo r next sumr.:ers va&lt;': iit ioI, . No efIort should. b~ s}areU to get. : . t
r ead,i by tilen , but I &lt;i..Q ufraic! t he ~ro::;J":':cts /,l:ru .;etti n;;: dimr.;er ever:" day .

fllfCUTIV I ffCUTAI'I' ,

a c onferenc e wi th Mi:.r tin an&lt;l see what l,;an be ·,'Iork,"d out . tii th a l l due
1'9SpeCtS to Aiartin I fee l SW'9 he CtaUoot ,~o t he jo. . . titriout n'i! l p . He has
ana i s tioing a g ood job but i t is simply toabig: 8. .. 00 for an: one J,;ersoll .
Our s ucc.ess or f a ilure as an Associ a t ion rests s'luarely upon our t.e.];ree of
.:.uccesa i n t his Promot ion 60 someho the Job llIust be !lolle .

MARTIH H. cAHT
w"J'l a v e
~,'t'~~s.-g;h~~:~

I will be 1 00Ling for a repor t from ;:ou on m;' return from Color ado una certainly hore you c an ork ont satta ;oluti oll .
alJ. tho

fOll1il¥ .
,1r.cert;ly ,

II
SCENIC ROUTE OF THE AMERI CAS

�AIR CONDITIONED

37 UNITS

•

•

PHO NE 2064

crnitchell crnotel

President 1IloI ",...t ~lIJf1Wdy 89

Westerner lo'fotel

Logan, Utah

Williams , Arizona .
Dear RBY ,

Sit down before you get to the bottom ot t he page
and .ee who this letter is from , otherwise you may pas.
out and injure yourself .
I ~ve been foroed to spend much of my dayl ight time
out at town during the past few weeks , and by tho time I
reached home long atter da7k each n1ght I have been just
too bushed to wri t e any letters .
I w111 start by g1v1ng you my imprecsions of the
Trecker contraot . 1 . I teel that t here Ihould be a detinite time limit plaoed upon the filming of this project. 2 . I feel that M . Treokers minimum expense of tourty
r
dollars a day is a littl e out of line , unless of oourae he
i . expect ing to take his whole f am11y on a nioe vaoat10n at
our expense . J . I do not see why M . Treoker ahould be given
r
full and tinal aWlhori ty aa to what soene9 should be filmed,
and as t o what is finall y ed1ted into our film .4. I cannot
see why we shoul d suppl y Mr . Trecker w
1th aPPl'ox1matoly
eight thousand feet of f11m from which he will make a t1nal
f i lm ot less than three thousand feet for us and t hen m
ake
his own uso of the other five thou8&amp; teet of film from
nd
Whioh .evernl area !'1lms oould very m,ll be made at our expense . In short I feel that t hi s oontract i 8 all in favor of
Mr . Treoker , and does not give U8 suffi cient proteotion .
Ilow for the ent1re promotion pr oject . Martin has t he ahow
on the road . He 1. up in Jaokson now, and fl&gt;om his letters
and the money he has sent in I believe that we are at l a st
cn the way with 1t . Last week he sen t 1n $245 . 00 in oash
from a few he oontaoted on the way up throU{;h Montpelier
and Afton . He seems to be very enthusiastio about the Whol e
thing, but wanted this time up here to feel the program out
where the clubB were str ong, in or der to develope hie presentation botore he star ts out in earnest . A l in all I teel
l
that we are go1ng t o be suocessful with the whole thing . It
may take more time than we antioipated, but I am oonfident
that if we work hard a t it we will make it a suooe.s .

�AIR CONDITIONED

COMFORT AND REFINEMENT

·

37 UNITS

•

STEAM HEAT

•

PHO NE 2064

crnitchell crnotel
I h:lvl\%~·~L~\jf,;v"tlJll he .h~~n'i~);'.i' out all ot
the kink. 1n his presontation of thi. pr oJeot by the
end of this week and t hen hend immediat el y for perts
South 1n order to take advantaEe ot the leaBon down in

southern Ar1zona. and then t o work North with the season .

Thi. he pX'o:u1eoB to do .

I expeot him to roturn here toni ght oX' tOlllorrow, at
Which t i me I will go over everything with him and glve
him all the help t he t I can before he leaves tor your
ter ritory .
I am going to write to Burnett within the next tew
days When I can see my way clear to plan a trip into
oout hern Ut h . He euggested that when I got down that
way por haps the three of us could get together acd talk
t hings over . I think he has a good id ea 00 I &gt;1111 let
both of you know w
hen I can get dollIl tho t way . I lIlust
v1sit all of the Be.t ,/est ern ~!otels in the State belfors
t he tourist rush 8tarts so perhaps we could get together
at that t1ll1o .
J UBt as aoon as Martin geta baok here I will writa a
full r eport ot the aotivities of the Committee up to dat e
so t hat everyone """7 know that we have not died ot .tagnation
up hers in this neck of t he &gt;loodl .
When are wo going to take another t r ip down South for
another try at tho big f1sh?
Sincer ely yours ,

�Cllut:.fell -

l0i'i

Drochure - Aiiuc.

ureko.; lIIWlD.tia hal!! a rrivo J. . Sa. a. 1.t tl3 r fr oll2 )"rOIJa..n with his l='icturlO cn.l corre-ct
U~ II!J!)~ .....iJj8'" I.e n.d l eft for Yo",ico :;1t:' t.e !t:\Y .uter .. &amp; l .. ft flh-J hc..J. J UDt
retUt"Io8Il br, ri!)y~ ~o . I -"ill 6-LC,,:1 913 his l e tter 1.0,J picture, but rla~t:lo r eturn
t.:l l ",'tttlr 1.0 ~ SCo 1 :IL.,y 6.0: wvr it •

t.1tle.

.lao, b,_l1""Vd it. or bet .I. l"tJce1vdtl ~i 11 ... It ... 1a ch'Jtk i,.. Ul',l &lt;11 tnt All f or hi.1S
Jlio..:.lli&gt;err!ihir" e..Fl ..... hI1 off ar to half' 'Wb,lI. t blii ... ould. lie 1$ v _,cy 1 I.er .lStad i~1 the 1~
point jr..:,rli!!ri lnU ll,.UC-it·.. tillil w:si. ef..6 f8'Jl'lc at Tucson ..,eul .. 1.1.# l",t.el'e"t.o. •
':'10':6 tho.) tI'eaaury 1u 1. ~mch 6 1·.. flbn I 11.l1.1. Il(m,t t!:&lt;i&gt; CD :(.;1;. ,ur·!t L.) t.o Oq!t/J
t.~ ;,~..Vll t1Jn",
) th~r' is lltt,l" t.aced~- i.ty o.f it ,,'.1: ~ c!o r to S.. lt. L:J..a 11.11 I. b·,d(
~ in . ..t ce I WQllt ha.V3 t.ime t.o 'uS.-t:l-l' it. r Ot' n i ji,W &lt;..i..~ 3 ! .. ill Nr,\.L,.-s ~ 1 t ~":H)
uet ;-:- tUl'n it itrull'hl•• i.91y r1e.-,,$;t;l o
!"t to rficeni ;:.1 :J:..r .;t;tQTJ
1 ~v rih.ivu ., ... J "" . It 1.8 4 "lory
'.. ~, ·1 ruper t ana 1 hOl" ';Jill J;;.r SOIliU 01' thQ J11'd...;.lo r ~ Lose ..n"" Let t uoa Ol, tho
bolL 1. aQa1 t I el so lil1I ""t. f:;'\llt , but will try to C01"':'tH.:t t ll&lt;l.t v~;'ty 3001_• • 1 m.&gt;te
tilat. tll~ re~-ort. ,:.Od8 n~"t sh()", ULV· tcllitiv.·..J. fuo.;13 r" ",1II .l:lti3~. 1 ".10fh:;lJ bim ;.1l.j

c~nt.l~1) ~ep

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bot hd t' .. 11"uII&lt; .. .:.it tnl.u .. n .GO 4'01 "lur it' nil ~-.ru!" lieut it. . 1£ ,)0'--- h· Vu •• t I&amp;ot it bofc:t"'(;
lJC, 1,1. 113 li.l •..;. .. . I' 1 l~cQ:1.:i.J. h.ir.1; of it ~~J"., 1 -;on•.;. t..i.w U.C: ~ .0._.11: fi.·l,.i.l!I ~;Ul. Welt":: .
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IfOu.!. .. ~u...~~st. y U. a:"J ,jO . of \:., .. '•. Je 1! .. Colt :~._ Dvu,-lr out lOU til b v ~ to ill
u ... bd, an I'ri,.t it. , but i-'t"iut. t;'J(,! v~ry j,.1ml.&lt;m, \,:Ii ",,un g$t 0: 0;" . '1'-;;)1'e is
ite
1....k.... J.y to b&lt;l Q .... han.:. J.ll _ur-.;cW1"8 , uut 801 t~ tlJ 1JC;I 1 CbD.. ot tell you at:y IlI.re
toll .. !, t.n •..!" ~t i;.!li3 time . A so }llJll:.e k .. e; it. cl)lf11~t1.;.l . 1 h,t.va on!.:. mldnti ..n:e:i
l
,
it i,-, }l".H,I'l'" t o Dil.V t: 00 stiJ.tl.(.;.uery 3houl .: such, ell', 1 t.~,J...", 11J-ce.

:r

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tho neceuary

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ill

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hd

00 l'\;'.:Jl ••

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th"

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.J:lclotlet1. i3 Ch'_Ci, !'rOts dlll

ll h

t')T

tl .• III· mba\'Shir 1tl t,.l'ld

...BJuciat.ion . j . cel.t it :tir .. ct tor. llilil) 41. t( ~ V~ time 1 :;Ii tse".li~ it
.1r .... ct ~ yvu foS I b.ow ~a n!:.:e.l it. ill t.l .... u 1.~ • . !.t,i t,.,.&lt;.t (;.h'.lck "".:3 a
ver-:' •• lev 1&amp;V.8l' ", __ 'Hi~; ::l13 t'ltj"'j iL roll "J:f ~o,.'iL.le '.' •. HI) :it. .:i t.eo.!
h~ ilJ 11 '-'1") .11....... [; L.p.~,J.
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ClltltJ yet .... 1
l~lat *r.;t:lk. . Ii Gv ~..I.;"I;wtJ l.alo Jl40J hlJo" 1l,J.'j l.&gt;UA...b joe

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t, 0 rr .. ~ ti.:1 ial t. t,o ;"et. t:8 IH·l~.... JI\., r o
out. 0 thl! r.;Lo. .. . ole go iL
~ rvd e v*"ry :/..1)" It sb,Q'i3 ., t_J~ tlh r ~o
+ 1cs
up to un to !,Sst. it out . 1£ t.:,f;J U.l;ih"'l ~.r t,;f ",·r t.le OL...&lt;.J1Ul' c..n bu
J Tuduce ... t.,on Car,t le11 £AD
,et. 0 (no rcol.-J ~,J it .i:~;"u.l. p
lta , l j . v

u r ."ant t.lut euO'J€r. tuuJ

true

tll~:t·.1

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(I,i,toJ

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U:JC, t he ..;",...u h6 00 toll rO.3tar 16 A~,ril let rtic;;n 1.:: L.l','38(, than
we t~1.1~ 80 fiat overy 3i.~1~ mambor ..H ) il,t!..· th6 tuU that you cnu oeforot
Wnw . 1'ter 'rri.!. lot a. 1 1:tXJr'.. ai. ~ 1,Ll;,..L
~ivU ~il.
1 .rt'-V~ 'ne 1Di...ut.;,e
c,r t. o'j . .Itu, ~.tin.; .nieh ,)''&gt;1
ow;, If6 ~ e club:.. ":II .. ~ loOt. 'e.t tneir fivQ
Q ll~:r r tun. tofte .... ohj1'1. ... 13tliJ th&amp;t. f 'hi V\.L(:~:J
ill t ieD ~o tv vro\tlote
t. lid
1,,·£ t..JO lJ p' i t l1."l~l' $ .
..

~inCtl J~

�IInrch

, 1. ...7

Cantwell - Mitchell

I was very ,~! to .~t tn.
t..
!!-....re lIIovlug ~8.l.n .

u6n~r~ rr~,rels

Rer

~t

of

rch 1 th

n1

10a.rl1

that

I ClUmut e:t t'Q8d enOl.i.fiD t;le im).'Crt6.Lce of .cett1l.Ol!, ti."" Ll'lIc.hu.'e off t...'le "row:;:...
OD. 6elf c.ust.a11.1I1g \)8.bia IJ ~uic::lll as v-:-s~ 1ble ~'" it 18 c cstir.g a Coo.ea1 ot &amp;oJ.o1' . vary GtQ' 'Qeo t pa3 as until it COJ. ba mt.. 1~ 801£ SU.3taL L :g .

1'.I.l'

I ro ,UOl;Stea. BUlB.3 to tranBfal' un::&gt;t:lor 4w . uv to tne iTo.otiar. .i.k:tpt ""'hieh
he L ,for ;;19 . . h&amp; 'la .. dO.:..6 . J.t I lmV 8 toe llltaT t_Ol 1 l'eadur/ 1.1
baa. wtJy
1.ho~il (f.J hQ intUnIl:) ~I',J Jl'J ul'). hab
, 0.&gt;0 b:J.. Ilca iJ Ln·"! bn.nl!.
'I.
hu O.1"tHS l o~ .
ill re.i\wi.J W v X'l.QUS l.:ll.ili
of
il h
S .. . .JO i." !IUd llt.Tl . Marti;.. 1.£ )"IJU r bolj l ~i:&gt;
Lbo ... ttl\' 1I~.:,bt:!1"Jh_.t8 ~ t.ter :;",rd t.nwa w hiJII ta t. Uu'
Ttlt.,IGl' t .c..o hula t .• em
..,u,,_ .i. we IJ..lbt r tht.! m nth . :; yo·J. C Ln r~a .. i l 580 ttle!"';) is n ,' a,- IHy if , ••
t.t'ba. :11- to
lil a bills .U&lt;J t"Q l", t of 1, 8 m 11th BO IOU 3~8 bo' iar'rt.ant it

'UlY ",b

id

to i.,.-t

~Ow.:.:: rotduWOl dn J.,t-o

ill at. Of... I3 .

t.:l9 Oll,y '#1:1 WIl \,:oulj get t..J brcn.....uT'.l .•ut or. t.le r ... l:i:1. a to .r aih t.lle
to ut it s1..lil'l;,ad 80 I t.vo~, t.l~ fJu..i.l ll, t.ht! •• vruJ rod j ! o . tlOl! i t
is Ull to ;t .... ~ ",,1101\-;.;
1 1 .... lUll will do lvt)r,t l .. r.. j':o3d~1 to .. dt 1 et: l'teIe ,rOG ur full--r u re of h .tlI.~-,cl!tl C:"'JI:11t1~,. of t....... trl3a;;lU/ you w111
..nder05t~d too 'IIh! t .•e ur~ ent n·...:o "it of otU1lt; f.bol an"w Oli t .• c r~1\ 1.

1

if.j-.t:.W

tr~~9ury

..

To hel.;. matte1'3 ..1oJ '6 on. of ~yr l"'kl!i I ~b 'lck:e bOlJ.ced JII.;.rJ:.: 1 ~r:o'"
! ido t
fut.
' lllti.ts our tr(T. bl t· " , 0' t
Lan :n:l.~,.l beli v t.:. t L of hl
ld
bOIl ,.,.;8. !Jill \III1l!;! . 0 .l.1
to 0 • 1 ba.. l • lith ... ..1, tho
t:i h· , i
t
p&lt;l1' •

FoJ.· tJ
ta r 88 no uterllativi't ). ~ f f. t Iforl. I i1t ~ a for a hils to et
.. lltt.l .;or kiJ'i C pit .1 , trion h
&amp; uih and c ... tch i;J.
I, and Phoi.n l~ 1fnile
their se m ill till on . Th.s S8a.&amp;CIi 8 t..1-..rt~(J tc sL _.... ~1I r.
U
~ II ill CO!08
1.0 a haJ. t IJ ml U e r n:y . Of COUTS,. t.le IJOCUC)t' you C!W 8
)1II'nt. rt't
b ettA.r , bnt 11 ill be imrollsiDl. u;llJ1 S lie tun
··,,:t'£, a"
1 01 lc. t. ,1""1' 011 rf1 th .
1 ~OO . )l, X-1us t ~le
t ruv.ling ."':' n3e l'l will in the eni be +3 u~,t'A fros the COl ..... a. lcl:. eu-ne:1 fr'Ac
tho ala of th~ l.lrochure p'ovi ,ed Lt cou:rae t' l It t ,e &lt;.om.... lssioJ.s eat"l-.a,l aro in
.7'--C.i,s O! t.."l8 L .;..1 .
plU3 tr v.!U·
e;:J: r.:J8 • 13 t 'lis c()rr~ct? Al8a i f the
:.lbert.oj so• • ru ent cow8:s thru vr1t..~ ;a.T.o\h l'
1... .
t"ia yea 43 it
ln st Y$&amp;r
'Would 1/,:, t that go to lOU as c O«S1S810n or or,ly 1/» of t e EL:101..L_t tb'J)' oj'el,d
to i.r.:1 l .l;! brccbure? Let . ~ bear yo...r 1ntelTret.,t1oH ot t:.;,ls a.sr.ec +.

It· unJ.erstanJ.iiog of the contrMo t you encl o' e! 18 tha.t the

&lt;;1r.C'lT'sly ,

�AlllONA O ff ICE ,
l Oll E. Ca",. lboelt

AO M I N ISTIAtlON OffIC E
140 WUT SECONO SOU n .
TH
SAlT L CITY I . U A
AICE
TH

Id.

Pllo." I_, A,i zona

D L El'. ' ll 2
IA

Olo l CI " · 7708

O ff iCE O f

.AY

V.

STEWA",

p, ..;d.nl

.53 0 W . 8ill Walla",.

OfFIcns,
lAY Y. STEWAlT
" •• ld ... 1
ole l

Wool.,U. ...
W ....., A.;, au
IUI
5.0 ... OIlOW
Y ·, •• tJ d. o1
lu

•

Bentl ey iJitchell , Chairman Promo tion Comilli t t ee
IIi tchell M
otel
Logan Ut ah
Dear BentJ.:,y ,

looIor.o.. "'010...
F-I.~.I.II.

A',......

IEH1lET M Ll.
ITCHE

Vlc• •P•••ld""•
... lIeh.II M••1
o

Loqu. U
l.h

W. G. 'ASS

S ••• ".T,...w, ...
.u
L. SI.,•• Mole l
Wlco.nbu,q, A,loon.

April 24, 1957

Wl lIi a",., A';Eano

analys i s
form a nd
l imit on
we c vuld

Your l e t t er rec eieved today and I fully agree wi th your
of t he Trecker contract . ITe c ertainly c annot a c c e pt it in i ts present
I bel ieve some fur t her negotia t ing ne ens t o be done . li th no time
the f ort y dol lars a day expense s (even i f we a ccepte d t h a t fi&amp;ure)
fin d t hat film cos ting us twenty thousand doll ar s or more .

11henever y ou decide you can g et t o Pangui tch I ·,{ill do my b_ s t
t o meet y ou t her o and pe rha~s the thre~ of us c an go ov_r the whol e s ituati on
DUCtOU,
1
and c ome to a c.i. ecisi on as to just wha t i s a f air and e4ui t ab l a of f e r t o nul~e
IiUILlUMO SEDANON .,_ . T '
"
H ft"! M.,eo. d. I....
oiol
rec.:rer en d carry on f r om th era . I c e rt ain l..Y c oula. no t ag r ee t 0 t h a ter .;s
"
oqol.. ona••. Muleoas t hey are .
N
'U~NETT A. HEND~ YX
Co....ro~ M ud Tow..
olol
'.n qyll~h , Utoh
By a l l means Mart in s hould get i nt o southern Ari ~ ona as s oor.
~~AHIC w. SO~GAT2
.
the s ea son 7:111 t aper off f as t d own t here pr etty s oon no·,., . I
f; .. tSac.rll,"'ft'ofrdo~ i 05Sl.bl e as
t.4 .... tp.tillt.ld.....
promL ed h im I would go s outh with him if he t hough t it ne ce ssary and perhaps
DALLAS A. CLI N . I could be of as sistance t o him in g e t ti .,· ' ' ' ' - 1 3
GU
"rl "~ S.dd!o lod,
'' s tarted in Tuscon ana. tincal.&gt;s
A pI.. , W,O/Olln
,
s inc e h e i s pr acticall y Ul o-:m doVll, t h er_ . I s ort of f l: el t hat Bill V:alt z
~ ICH A.D c. HlGUS w111 step i n and he l p i f I show up wi th ~brtin and ask him to h el p , but knowing
Fe"w. M
ol.1
1i, .. IF.tt., M ... W l t z 1 t i s anyb ody!) gues s I/ha t a ttitude h e wi l l take i f rJL.rtin appr oac hes
onl
a
him alone . Tne 3ame g oe s fo:' Ky riak.i~ alJd we \'Iont g e t to fir st bar,e ir, r.:e xico
IX
lCUTlYf SfCUTA~Y rrithout b i s hel r .
MAlTlN H . C
AHTWU.l.
1 w . Sacond South
.0
s.1t l.h Ci,.,. Ut. h
I am g l a d Ua.rt ins t r i p north wa s s uccessf ul e ven t h ough it i s
the deade st o5sib l e t ime of y e er up the r e . I t makes i t l ook very e ncourag i ng .
Martins wire Sunday sai d t r i p ne t ta":' 1 000 • ..;0 . Tha t s ur~ makes a good Gt o.r t .
I BU. JIOse ~ t in "Ri ll be don hel" _ very shortly b ut ha vent heard any thing sinc e
his wi r e l as t ~unday .

I atten :l.e d a motel m ee ti l ~ a t Veg as ;.iond~ a nd
s aid t ney had a wa nd r ful t r i p to ~ey.1co City and
g one M other .J week s a f t e r lea ving Ua'_a.t lan .
units . I ' l l go b ac k for that oig fish any
to see y ou in

Par~uitch

s aw Da hill' Rob inson
or. a r ound the other
He is v ary bu sy and
time you s s.y .

soon ,

s~n~q,

SCENIC ROUTE OF THE AMERICAS

�AIIIONA OffiCE,
1021 E. Camelbock Rd.
'hoen,", A"zono
Diol CI "'. 7708

AOMINIS'~Ar I ON

OFFICE

1.( 0 WEST SKONO SOUTH ST.
S... LT L... KE CI TY 1. UT ... H
DI ... l H 9·9322

OffiCE 01

15

RAY V. STEWA Ii:T, " •• ide nt

53 0 W . Bill Willioml

•

WIlliam" Arizon ..

'lay 9 , 1 957

OfFICEU,
. ... y V. STEWART
" ••ideol
W ..... no'M .. I.1

Bentley Witchell , Chairman Promotion Committee

M
itchell lIotel
Logan Utah

Willl.m" Ari.ono

S. O. MORROW
Dear Bentley ,
............. Molon
~I09".U , A,I.on.
I had been waiting t o hear from you in r eply to ~ l ast letter ,
IENTLEY .... ITCHElL
Yiu·P •• ,ld •• '
but llar tin informs me the plans are chc.ngt:d an d y ou no longer e il..'""P8ct to
Mllckell MOIII
l091n, Ullk
h ol d a mee t ing in Panguitch .
W . G ..... SS
So ...,",..,·T... ,.,.,
~ince my las t l etter I h ave g iven the movie c onside~ab le thought
l. 51. 11. Mol.1
Wlc~ .. b"'9, A.i . on,
and I mus t say I am i n agr eement TIith M
artin t hat i t should b e po stponed
until a l ater dat e , probably next y ear . My reasons f or t h i s are p artly as
DIRECTORS,
follows :
6UILlUMO SEDANO
Th
. ..
A.
Hol.1 fto! M do NI..
.,co.
1
e .aSSOClatl.On J..S proh i bi t eu by the ilY LAVIS from c ontactinb any
N0911.., 0"0" , MI.ktiebts in excess of ~2500 . 00
~~!~~!!" ~~!'IE~~~T~~"
2 Until iTe hav e a balance i n the bank to c over the production of
~'"9uit~h,U'.h
t he movie I fee l i t woul d b e unuise to make a contract for i t s pr o,..uction
:e:I~:C:iIVs~'~~~~d~ien asi de f r om the fact above s tated . The s ale of t he brochure c ertainly i s
MOnipoolilf.ld.ho
not f ar enough a l oIlti to b e certain of it s SUC\..6SS anu while I fee l a nd hope
DA.Lt.AS .... CllNGE~ it will be i t ~ tar.e lOllt;er than we expec ted end we could easil,,&gt;, fina.
"r'"~ 5.ddl. Lod91
Aplno. w,omin9
ourselves very much e m
oarr a..; cied financially •
5 Th ere are certa i n parts of Tre&lt;..ker::; c outra.ct which c ould not be
• ICH .... DC. FERGOS
FO'9U' Malol
6, .. 1FoU,. Monlo.1 accepted as t~ ey are .
I b e li ~ ve f urther i nvestiga tion i n to tn~ coot of pr oduc ~ s uch
EXECUTIVE SfCm .... n. film shoul..l be made . It s eems t here are a l ot of ~A
-tra c ost s n07 coming
........ TlN H C"'NtwEI4lUt that we . .I.i d not know about before and we truST kno·r. what the compl e ted
.
1 W S.cond Sou"'.
40
.
$4olll. k.ClI... Ullh f l.1m ./l.ll cost bef ore we en t er into a con t ract wi tb anyoI.e to ~ ro.....u.ce it .

Viu·',uid.nt

I plan t o meet L
-tattin in :Phoenix l'lionl.l.8\Y Wlcl go to Tuc son and
Nogales wi t n h im. Hope we can Get the pr omoti on i n to h i ; h gear dorm there
no.. as their 510'.7 season i s approachin~ very f ast . 1.1so I find t he 93 As s oc .
has just c anvasse.l a ll of southern Ari .ona n icki.n&amp; everyone for fifty bucl; e
for t heir b r o c hu~ e . ~~ ~ake our p~tch a ~it tle h arder .
Let m k'lol'I your uecis ion .
e
Sincerely ,

q(~
cc Burnett Hendryx
M in Cantwe ll
art

SCENIC ROU TE OF THE AMERICAS

�Ser. ",
Cantwoll -

IJ57

~tchell

C(\nvention

Juet r ocaiv6,j 0 letter fr o BUTueH t.odny ~;i·.ril", hi... n.
wl .. ra~:; which will be
pet"IUUlent !:Ii"l;O ho ha,i pt.:rcha.~e .. :. a homo . Tbe l..-i .r·esi!. p-o.v will bu 11&amp; Dar.cro,.;·ft p.oad
burL~.:.:.JlB , ...... UfO;.·I'il.o . ,lease C01'{'t:rC't ,Yvur ~li. ~ L ..dt End 31;1
t .... t hI:! r ("f~ ... \~ '3
t.ha buUetl'JB et-..c .
I have not hal.!' 1 from either or je'u for Jome t_ae, "L-"l:t .i

3U,.
~ th ... i 1.......,3 fot· the
&amp;:1'0 go1..tt. '!OL\lo fl.": eXp8(.te..l • .oil'..) Iln:: r';,':ie~·"1,.... ti .. 3 C..·S;il,· i. flo "at?
It.. itt just 4. "saku off now an... tUG j~f!VI '1me p.c.3JO.' tbat L03rt .L1:' ·cr.;" btl! !o:-i; .

~oll\l'"~rltiOl,

I ho V h~..l no Tej'll1 Hl aa yet froID !o.fiy I.H. Ule ctiH!l' lot.tQT'n
G
0 ~ 110 he'\1" [Tilt; t118t! tiOUJ .

r

sent out to ... ilv' ,

hct1.l}M.n et.1.. u1 thsl", b'lt he;

11l t~JO h'(Ji:lOtitlfl I iL:k.i1ii tlJ

tsxp. (.'

~

to b . kbl·,..

~.",

... e l . to t "ke

~ .

I gua.ls tbat 13 811 for 00':4, ljut ont~
tU te· b(·t~" have L~\Jrnctt:l l'l.Iucit al 1·133~ .
}fa eSiecL.11. as. t: tlll&lt;t be b., k It .1 . .ft.·!1n';h a;) to t 3 ,rc;...~·f,; .• of t •. \::1 t·~;Jo.·1or"
QI;d t.;)t': o..;j •• odatic,n as 110 s.:..id bi~ be'H't i .... 1 ~ d ~_~ \l"l o.lh he i , ver i .t. "!31te I
lo 1. ..C" 1r. h·::'1 t:l1llJ~' turl1 O'l t.
3iJ.c erely ,

�1.r . 1 , 1

Ct'nt 1011

'i tt:he:l1

II lott-&lt;lt' tod1'l.:,'"' ["-lm !'-'rd ~
.,ilI: ret" ~ l·ng . Ii... B ,1
oJ ~octi.1J
fl .. .ad .. l1:3t l';"h.. e1v~~ ab. ... _ ... ~1 .... 1 h
b.:Cl:"; tl'ftv~ll1 ~ 1.. 7' ""ie:
r I;"ta r ;,:,~ h ..... ~

I

1

!"~co1vs,1

1.;,0 .e

an, t.l.!.q; fr

... tt

!WV bot hlJ r_.
fl'l'!D ... 9: t. rJ foY'
tl . r h.
t 1
t
t

n lit',
1... .. \ ' : '

~

t·

1 ~

try1.t:

3

.. .!lI

",i"
is 111 lG h
I~e~
It.
,)., cr t...c • a t. 6 woe:ii. . Ye3ter~ h6
So! t. .... ..-,1 nat', t,:d Col tet' "M ~Jl.t&lt;.lc.G11t(J ," lJ c..~l;(..... !, ' j
kit. 1'l1ftJ.Gg .
f:;x-ptJeta
tr:.- "cD l:,d. 11.1' U I
... ! e: 10.•. ~
"~.
b
v 1.'.\
~
C
• t
.....
''':ollV".Ji,ti 10 , 'v ;tfAi;.~~ ... II'" ',- d I k e V'J-..·:/ l:IUdl t
.. l&gt;
Ul&lt;.i .... 1 1 if '" Lt
0,11_
L

ClJ\ ,

t'~J'U 1.'1

~L:J ;rGaoht :;J
Jq'c ., L ._. t Ci

r13

fi'Ohll .A-rt:.hur

Hi! ''''.

b-~

It.(.;heatt:.r , '1m. •
1: t.
t'o,,:: !l.1 t.o

.:'1_ A1.......

o "'on.1
.il

••

. o.
• t

I

'n&amp;.9 WI,

c:.U
I h

bC+

J:i

t

v ~ II

t'

1

t;,.. ~.o.;, :...n t~o.~I.
him ... .U.~

b.. 1It t~
.-111 f.ut
fl

'ut'
~

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6'':'"

i
t

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yd, ki::; n,
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t

t

In

�RAY V. STK!lART
September ~ 1957

Dea

•••••••••• ** •••• *

Ernie forwarded your letter of the 7th( addressed to Bentley and myself)
up here to Edmonton.
By now , you have no doubt reoel ved mine of the

8th br1.Dg1.Dg th1.Dgs upto-date as of that writing . At the moment there is very little else to
add except that things have sone off to a fairly good start here in
Edlllonton oonilider1.Dg that this is a large oity way up at the jumping ott
plaoe into practioally no where , and the end of paved roads in the Provieno8
Tourist tre4.
re to date has been so inoidental that even the motel
operators do not have "~aA understanding or appreoiation of the potential
and seam somewhat amaze'" to learB what similar oities in the States have
been able to aocomplish. The whole area is louzy RICH with oil money ,
whioh makes tourism l ook unimportant , at least at the moment . In faot the
Alberta Government just last week paid a "profit ehsr1.Dg" dividend to
every adult oitizen in the Provinoe ••• • 20 . 00 eaoh for a grand total
of 11 million. This was the oitizen' s split of profits aocumulated by
the Provinoial Government from Govt . Oil leases .

-

Have been work1.Dg with my su agent , Ed . ZllZZO: Leger who will oarry on
atter I leave . Only about halt a dozea memberships pioked up to date , but
like any large City it is a slow prooess . The population is 248 , 000
spread out over 42 . 6 square miles .
Have three pioture sponsorships at • 300 eaoh in the works v/hioh should
oome to a d'finite deoision by TUesday (the 17th) and then I will take
off leav1.Dg Leger to follow up on membership and listings .
AS 0 the Convention" .ws ••• wl have nothing new sinoe my last letter .
Last Sunday even1.Dg I wired \'lalt nng at Jaokson to advise me via letter
as to general progress and list of roservations . The reply may be av Galgar
by now awaiting my return , as I had planned to be there myself today.
I am going to oall Ernie tonight , and a ilvise him that I w111 be a couple of
days late and IP' there is a l etter from Jaokson will have him Dx read
it to me over the phone . I t I ge t any intormation from tonight ' s oall
will inclose i t with this before mail1.Dg . It not , will ad v ise you as
soon as it does arrive .
The way it looks now, I may not get to Jaokson until about the 30tll.
as it is too far to oome baok up here , and I mus t therefore get Alberta
tied up , piotures and all before I leave . I t the Jaokson folks have gone
ahead and done anything as per plans , a week will be ample time to get
the whole oonvention pllllgram polished off in good ahape ••• 1t they have
laid down on the .1 o~hen it will be another story Whioh I hate to even
think about .
Somehow , I will mannege to get a bulletin into the mail over this n en
week-cnd , whioh v,Ul be just two weeks before the oonvention . Am writ1.lls
key people in the Livingston to Logan area today urging tham to Drganiae
per&amp;onal solioitation for convention registrations to all olub ~bdrs
etc .
Am ino+osing copy of a letter to
lyn Sergeant 'J! t he Arizona Development
Board . I bellave that I sent you aopy q! ~ ~evious l etter to her . Anyway
s he
t. to attand the aonTention and wr ~te ask.1.Dg if s he would be • ~..... ~\
... la~ ••'.:.a~ go. her l etter ihast night ,
d Y/ired her an invi tation ~:r &lt;
oe.l
". hi " 1 Attar_ If' vou hannau to be in .Phoenix • .JIll,ltht be a g ood ""

..

�RAY V. STEWART
Sapt . l l- P.S .

Sunday Morning • •• • P.S :

** • •*** ••• *** ••

Just talked to Ernie to see it he had a letter tor me trom i alter King
at Jaokson. No such luok .
o

It has been a tull week sinoe I wired him as tollows:

-

_

~

,

___

•

0

____

o w •••

0

0

~._

-

,

AllUIAIL LIST OJ!' CONVENTIO RESERVATIONS Il!' ANY AND ADVISE
N

REGARDING INVITATI N ACCEPTANCE AND GENl!:RAL

liGRESS ::&gt;TATUS

UARE HEPBURN WTEL 5809 IlACLEOD TRAIL CALG'IRY NEEDED J!'OR

SEPTEIIBER BULLETIN

Look~ like a tull week is time to get an a ir mail letter trom Jaokson

to Calgary. So ••• here I sit right on the spot a thousand miles trom
Jaokson with the oonvention opening three weeks trom today , a bulletin
to get out , and no intormation.

J!'rankly, knowing alt iJ)Cl ng , this situation soares hell out ot me, and
while it burns me up to have to put the ASsooiation to expense whioh
should be unneosssary, I do not see how ~ can possibly wait any ~onger
tor some word about the Convention p~ess , 80 I have plaoed a oall
tor Mr . King. There was no ..
answer , so I will keep on oalling
until I get hold ot him.
I want to get this letter to the P. O. sometime late toda¥, and it I get
hold ot King betore it has to be mailed , will inolude the Conve~ion
intormation . It I "do not hear trom him betore this has to be mailed , "
will get another letter out to you at onoe atter I have talked to him.
Ernie mentioned that I have mail trom you at Calgary which he will
torward today , and should reaoh me M
onday or Tuesday I'o!!ot knowing the
contents ot thiS mail , I oannot oomment on i t at thia wrltlng ~ ~

•••••• *
Sunday P

10:00 P .M. now , and I

w.o..J
r~~

just called W
alt again , but got no
answer . Earlier this afternoon Mrs . King told the operator
t hat W
alt was out hunting , and had a oooktail party date
this evening , but was expeoted home by nine- thirty.
Guess the old boy must hat;e had one too many and Mama
joined him, so will now wait till morning .
W
ill advise you soon as I hear trom him.

�Se~t . 1 • lv~'1

COllventlon

1'h1s l utter

t.bo

UQ

d(.luOt w111

l O1\:j: rur. it r,ll1

COM

De for

t.1Q

&amp;.i ~OQBth1t1ti.

or

D
hoCli to you both 1 fNuume , but in

best no d.oabt •

.to navQ JU3t m
old Qur moWl ana \Jhero we ;till I!iO (,)1' "h"t ./0 ~i1l cio 1 bavent. t...e
Bl1tihtll3t iCllJU Juot 80 l or-s aa
gat a lOL;fI \Y tJ alJiQ' f rom touriota . 1 .loot t.hiok
lover trant to S~ anotOur c'ne tho CUlYbo I ' U ehmlg6 my aL.d aVbt.tually it lover

,,;ct ro3too. up.
A:J thlribs l&lt;..~ ~ it 1') sOGIewhat tol.4bttul if 1 w111 ... 0 a.1:l1d t.o &amp;61:. 1:.0 t.hl :O~.vcn­
tion Ol.. tu.e at&gt; thd noVl O;:.JnOL~9 tL.tli.t1 OliOi' c.\.:to.~o\' 1st ~to.'i o. w.l 't.ho I .erA leu.
1 ....i.l._ ..10 :tV ~ ,..,t t~ .et 1;.091"'6 anti as ~o-..... &lt;.1. looldble, but if. 15 akuot (;ort.J.n
tilnt 1 • .J..ll nut· ~il:t then-oj LO" 1~ [._~e t,:..:.' L lti IJi\' l.t.ot'3
eUI~ loll vun....., . I 'Will

t1"1 to t.e. mt 1 '\ow.-i.. i

... cu;

o.

ACCOl"'..iin..:: to tne lly L 101/S it 1;.1 t,jdt uut.,y ot t.:h.. .lor.", •• 8" t to d8~~I.,,~ whhh V1~
Pra;Ji...!clDt .mall t lks chnr(;o io tho a baol.t.B af t .•e .1 £'u~i·...allt I I a m tberafot' 'f0 lU63ting tha.t vica fl'ooiJon t dimtl,f):r lU tellsl t: ..c:.e fu ... l cha1"' 'a of
'unLj. all m6et1t;!s
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Forest Army
When President Franklin D. Roosevelt entered the White House, he faced an economic crisis of
extreme proportions, the Great Depression. The Civilian Conservation Corps, created in 1933, was one
of Roosevelt's New Deal programs. It had two major goals: to help provide relief from unemployment
and to protect natural resources nationwide. The Civilian Conservation Corps, or CCC, provided
training and work for 2.5 million young men and succeeded in helping to protect, provide access to and
direct attention towards America's wild places.
CCC workers were paid a wage of $30 per month, $25 of which went to support their families
back home. When Cache County was allotted 113 spots in the program, 275 men applied.
Beginning in 1933, uniformed CCC workers labored throughout Logan Canyon. That first
summer, they built a camp at Tony Grove, called Camp F-1. The camp included a mess hall, recreation
hall, barracks, blacksmith shop, hospital, and several other buildings. CCC enrollees in Logan Canyon
worked on projects such as planting trees, building dams and bridges, fixing roads, cleaning and
repairing campgrounds, stocking fish, repairing soil erosion, and fighting forest fires. In their free time,
they made belts out of snake skins, played baseball, and pranked newcomers by sending them on
nighttime hunts for the “snipe,” a mythical creature which was rumored to inhabit the canyon.
According to an article printed in the Herald Journal in September 1933, "One of the most
completely successful of all the items on the New Deal program seems to be the forestry work of the
Civilian Conservation Corps. . . So well is the project working out that a person is inclined to wonder if
it might not be a good thing to make this forest army a permanent affair. . . All of this of course would
be pretty expensive but it might be money well spent. . . certainly the question deserves serious
consideration. This forest army is too good an outfit to be discarded off-hand."
The Guinavah-Malibu campground amphitheater, completed in 1936, is part of the legacy of the
CCC. The amphitheater boasts a stage of limestone surrounded by rows of benches, enough seating for
up to 1,000 people. Today, the amphitheater is used for lectures, concerts, religious services, and local
nature and history programs, such as those sponsored by Stokes Nature Center each summer. It also
remains a standing tribute to the CCC, a group that left a lasting legacy both through their conservation
work, and in the hearts and minds of Americans.
Sources:
Portraits in Time: Logan Canyon, a Historical Guide. Published by Bridgerland Travel Region and the
United States Forest Service Logan Ranger District.
Utah.gov History to Go website: http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/from_war_to_war/the
civilianconservationcorps.html.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Utah State History website: http://history.utah.gov/research_and_collections/photos/ccc.html.

�</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
The Naming of Logan Canyon
Fur trappers came to Cache Valley in the 1800s in search of beaver. As they explored the valley,
they left many place names in their wake. For example, the name Cache Valley comes from the French
word “cache” meaning “to hide.” Not wanting to lug their furs around with them, trappers would
“cache” or hide their furs in a hole dug into a riverbank to keep them safe until they could take them to
market.
The name for Logan Canyon and its river also came from these early explorers. North West Fur
Company trappers were the first Euro-Americans to explore Logan Canyon. They came to Cache
Valley in 1818, led by Michel Bourdon. When Bourdon was killed by Indians west of Yellowstone, his
followers named Logan Canyon's river after him in his honor. Later, trappers renamed the Bourdon
River for another dead trapper, Ephraim Logan.
Although Logan's name is well-known, not much is known about his past. The first record
mentioning Logan shows him in St. Louis in 1823 joining a fur expedition led by William H. Ashley.
He signed onto the expedition at a fixed salary of $200 per year, and traveled to the Rocky Mountains
to trap beaver. During the summer and fall of 1824, he trapped from the Bighorn to Bear River, and
spent the winter of 1824-25 in Cache Valley. In 1826, he traded his furs at the rendezvous in Cache
Valley, and the next summer, he attended the rendezvous at Bear Lake. Later that year, Logan along
with 15-20 other trappers set off for the Snake River Valley. Along the way, Logan and three others
diverged from the rest of the group to explore some minor rivers. They had planned to meet up with
their group in a few days, but mysteriously disappeared. Nothing was ever heard from them again.
Accounts differ on what exactly happened to these men, but many agree that they were probably killed
by Indians.
In 1828, Logan's friends named the Logan River in his honor. When the Mormon pioneers
arrived in the 1850s, they learned the name of the river, but not where the name came from. When it
came time to name their city, John P. Wright suggested the name Logan. There are differing accounts
about whether this name came from the river on whose banks the city was built or a friendly Indian
chief named Logan Fontenelle, who made great efforts to keep peace between his people and the
Mormon settlers. Whichever the case, the name Logan was adopted, and now lives on as a city, river,
and canyon.
Sources:
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Somers, Ray. The History of Logan. Somers Historical Press, 1993.
Somers, Ray, Julie Van Horn, Amy Reimann, and Clayton S. Russell. History of Cache Valley. Somers
Historic Press, 2004.
Simmonds, A. J. “Names Change but the Places Stay the Same.” In God’s Lap: Cache Valley history as
told in the newspaper columns of A. J. Simmonds, A Herald Journal Book. Herald Journal, 2004.
Record, Patricia L. “The Trapper, the Indian, and the Naming of Logan.” Utah Historical Quarterly.
75.4 (Fall 2007).
“The Legacy of Ephraim Logan” presented to the Logan City Council by Steve Murdock, President,

�Cache Historical Society, Dec. 1997.
Hafen, Leroy R., ed. Trappers of the Far West. University of Nebraska Press, 1983: 295, 341.
Christensen, Vera A. “What's Behind Names of Cache Valley Towns?” The Herald Journal 15 Nov.
1982.

�</text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Plane Crash of 1953
At this location, you will see a 6 ½-foot-tall stone memorial with 40 names on it. On January 6,
1953, a military transport plane crashed at this site while transporting American Korean War soldiers
from Seattle, Washington, to Fort Jackson, South Carolina.
The plane was overfilled with soldiers eager to return home after having been away from their
families for so long. Due to the way the military organized its transports, all the passengers had last
names that started with H, J, and K. According to the flight log, the plane ended up carrying about 400
pounds more than it was designed for. Everything was fine when the pilot radioed in at Malad City,
Idaho. But the plane was not heard from again.
Air patrol and civilians began a search through the Bear River Mountains and found the remains
of the plane in Pat Hollow. It had completely disintegrated on impact. There were no survivors, and
little of the wreckage was even recognizable.
When the remains were analyzed, the cause of the crash was determined to be ice that had
formed on the wings, interfering with the plane's lift. The fact that the plane was overloaded added to
the problem. It also appeared that the plane had entered the mountains from the southeast heading
northwest, indicating they might have been trying to return to Malad for an emergency landing.
Since the crash occurred in the middle of winter in an area with deep snow and low
temperatures, removing all of the bodies proved extremely difficult. A base camp was set up and the
site was guarded until spring when the Army removed the last of the human remains.
In 1967, Gordon B. Hinckley of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints dedicated this
memorial to the victims of the crash. No one was more affected by this tragedy than the relatives of the
victims. In the following years, some traveled a great distance from their homes in southern states to
visit this memorial site. Even today, visitors sometimes find pieces of wreckage, including items that
once belonged to the passengers of the plane. Many decide to leave these tokens on top of the
memorial.
Sources:
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.

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                <text>In 1953, a military transport plane carrying American soldiers home from the Korean War crashed in Pat Hollow. Voiced by Elaine Thatcher. Part of the Stokes Nature Center's podcast series History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon where each podcast is linked to a specific site in Logan Canyon. Includes transcription.</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of Stokes Nature Center, (435) 755-3239.</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Power Struggle
In 1895, the Hercules Power Company built a plant at the mouth of Logan Canyon to provide
power for Logan. Households were charged per 40 watt light bulb used. The first bulb cost $1.25 per
month, and each additional one cost 50 cents per month. Since there were no other power providers in
the area, Hercules had a monopoly and charged what they wished.
At a special election in 1902, citizens voted in favor of a $65,000 bond to allow the City of
Logan to build a municipal power plant to provide power at lower rates. The city constructed a new
hydroelectric dam, which today is called Second Dam. They charged 35 cents per light bulb or 3 lights
for $1.00.
The Hercules Power Company was not pleased at having competition. During the summer of
1903, in the middle of construction of the city's new power building, Hercules raised their dam 5 feet,
which flooded a greater area, including where the new building was being constructed. Water flooded
across the brand new floor of the building.
Since the rights to the river were owned by the federal government, Logan City filed a federal
application attempting to claim rights to the site, but Hercules had beaten them to it, filing an
application only ten days before. After a heated debate, the federal government made a compromise
and authorized both Hercules and Logan City to operate dams on the Logan River so long as they didn't
interfere with one another.
The monopoly was broken and Logan residents had two separate power providers competing
for their money. A rate war ensued. Rates dropped to 20 cents per light, then to 10 cents. Running a
power plant with less and less revenue became problematic. It was made worse by the fact that this
was a time before metering. To determine their customers' bills, power companies would send a person
called a “checker” to visit each house and count the number of lights and other electric appliances, such
as toasters and irons. People paid per light and appliance, not for how long they used them, so no effort
was made to conserve electricity. Furthermore, people were not always honest when checkers came to
call. Appliances like toasters could be hidden away and, therefore not paid for.
Electric metering helped solve many of these problems. And despite the difficulties of high
demand and intense competition, Logan City's power plant has survived throughout the years. Today,
about 10 percent of Logan's electricity is produced by the city’s hydroelectric power plants like the one
here at Second Dam.
As for the Hercules Power Plant, it is no longer in operation. Ownership of the plant changed
hands several times over the years, and it ceased operation in 1971. In 1973, it was sold to Logan City
for a public park.
Sources:
Portraits in Time: Logan Canyon, a Historical Guide. Published by Bridgerland Travel Region and the
United States Forest Service Logan Ranger District.
Cache Valley Visitors Bureau website: http://www.logancanyon.com/index.php?id=17.
Logan City website: http://www.loganutah.org/Light%20and%20Power/Plants%20and
%20Substations/index.cfm.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.

�The History of a Valley edited by Joel E. Ricks 1956

�</text>
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                <text>The first two plants to provide electricity to Logan utilized the Logan River, a power struggle over resources and customers ensued. Voiced by Val Grant. Part of the Stokes Nature Center's podcast series History &amp;  Lore of Logan Canyon where each podcast is linked to a specific site in Logan Canyon. Includes transcription.</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of Stokes Nature Center, (435) 755-3239.</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Beaver Mountain Ski Area
Harold Seeholzer loved the outdoors, snow, and skiing. He and his wife Luella wanted to create
a place for family recreation during the winter, so in the late 1930s, Harold and other local ski fanatics
installed the first lift at Beaver Mountain, a single rope tow. There was no road to Beaver Mountain, so
skiers parked on the highway and hiked about a mile to get there. Because of this inaccessibility,
operations were moved to the Sinks area a few miles farther up the canyon, but this area had its own
problems, and little potential for growth. So in 1945, ski operations at the Sinks shut down.
Beaver Mountain still had great potential, despite its problems. Thanks to the efforts of county
commissioner El Ray Robinson and others, money was obtained to make the site accessible, and a road
and parking lot were built. Further developments came to Beaver Mountain with the help of pledges
made by the Mt. Logan Ski Club, the Forest Service, Cache Chamber of Commerce, and Harold and
Luella Seeholzer. In 1949, a new tow rope was added, and in 1950, a 2,700 foot T-bar was installed.
In 1961, Harold and Luella along with their four children officially formed a corporation. They
continued to improve the resort, adding more lifts and buildings. Although the resort was a great and
expanding success, one dream remained unfulfilled. From the beginning of his skiing career, Harold
Seeholzer dreamed of having a chair lift that went from the base of Beaver Mountain all the way to the
top. Harold died in 1968 without seeing this dream realized. However, his family continued to pursue
the idea, and in 1970, a 4,600 foot double chair lift was installed at Beaver Mountain. Appropriately, it
was named “Harry's Dream.”
In 1997, the ski resort came under the care of Harold’s son Ted, his wife Marge, and their
children: daughter Annette and her husband Jeff West, and son Travis and his wife Kristy Seeholzer.
Each family member does their part to keep the place running. From plowing and grooming the snow
to selling tickets and working in the shop, the Seeholzer family operates the resort. Marge manages the
ticket office. Jeff and Travis help out wherever needed. Ted oversees the entire operation. Company
meetings consist of six family members. And the operation continues to grow.
After 1997, the Seeholzers added a new maintenance building and a beautiful lodge addition to
accommodate the increasing number of skiers. They converted Harry's Dream into a triple lift, and in
2003, they put in a new lift, which added 400 acres to the resort. They named it Marge's Triple Lift. In
2009, they added a conveyor lift, similar to a moving sidewalk, which has been helpful in teaching new
skiers. The Seeholzers have future projects already in mind, and continue to dedicate themselves to
making Beaver Mountain Ski Area grow and prosper.
In the winter months, an average of 740 skiers per day enjoy the slopes of Beaver Mountain.
Today, Beaver Mountain Ski Area encompasses 1,100 acres and is the oldest family-run ski operation
in the country.
Sources:
Ted &amp; Marge Seeholzer.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Beaver Mountain Ski Area website: http://www.skithebeav.com.

�</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Too Many Sheep
After 1880, sheep overtook cows as the primary livestock of Cache Valley. Herders took their
flocks to the West Desert for winter grazing, to irrigated farms in the valley for spring lambing, and to
the mountains for summer grazing. Between 1880 and 1900, the sheep population of Cache Valley
rose dramatically to 300,000, and Logan Canyon became congested with sheep. As the herds moved,
they kicked up so much dust that residents of the valley several miles to the west could see huge clouds
of it rising from the mountains.
During the summer months, pastures were effectively stripped of vegetation. After consuming
all the plants, sheep would pack the bare soil down with their hooves as they moved. Soil compaction
and the area’s low level of precipitation guaranteed that nothing could grow back. Plant cover allows
snowmelt to sink into the soil and replenish the groundwater supply. It also lets the spring runoff
trickle down gradually throughout the summer. Without plant cover, snowmelt plunged straight down
the mountain all at once leaving the rivers and valleys below dry by late summer. The plunging waters
also took the unanchored soil downstream. In spring, muddy water filled with animal waste and dead
sheep flowed out of the canyon, polluting the valley's irrigation and drinking water.
Mayor Moroni Price of Smithfield was disgusted by the dead sheep and other animals he had
seen in the river. He said at a meeting of concerned citizens that he had just about reached a decision to
“drink whiskey from now on.” This was a shocking statement coming from a Mormon community
leader, for whom drinking was close to taboo. The situation prompted citizens to approach the federal
government about creating a Forest Reserve to protect the watershed.
After the Forest Reserve was created, grazing was limited by permits, and the canyon’s
environmental health was greatly improved.
Sources:
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Johnson, Michael W. “Whiskey or Water: A Brief History of the Cache National Forest.” Utah
Historical Quarterly. 73.4 (Fall 2005).
U.S. Forest Service website: http://www.fs.fed.us/aboutus.

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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
St. Anne's Ghost
Everyone loves a ghost story. Young people in Logan grow up hearing stories about the
ghost at “the Nunnery,” a story inspired by St. Anne's Retreat, in Preston Hollow.
In the early 1900s, Hezekiah Eastman Hatch, a prominent Logan businessman, built a
cabin at the location. His descendants expanded his cabin into a recreation camp for the family.
Over time, the camp grew to include 21 structures: two main lodges, six smaller cabins, a
playhouse, and several other buildings. Outside, there is a fire pit, fountain, bridge, and
swimming pool.
In the 1950s, the property was offered to and accepted by the Catholic Church. It became
a summer retreat for nuns and was renamed St. Anne's Retreat. At some point after this, the
ghost legend was born.
There are several versions of the legend. According to one, a nun staying at St. Anne's
Retreat became pregnant. To keep the birth a secret, the mother drowned her baby in the
swimming pool. Some say that you can hear the voice of a child coming from near the pool.
Others claim that the ghost of a nun haunts the retreat, eerily emerging from the forest.
Sometime she is accompanied by two white Doberman Pinschers with blood-red eyes. Others
have reported seeing a woman dressed in black who appears out of nowhere on the highway near
the retreat. And beware if you are a first born son, for if you see St. Anne's Ghost, your own
death is imminent!
Unfortunately, vandals visited the retreat from time to time, causing a great deal of
damage. As the ghost stories circulated, vandalism increased. The nuns became alarmed and
eventually no longer wished to stay at the retreat. So the Catholic Church sold the property.
Visitors, please note that it is private property. Please be respectful.
Sources:
Browning, Diane. “A Haunted Retreat.” The Herald Journal 26 Oct. 1986.
Moore, Carrie A. “Legends surround St. Ann's Retreat.” Deseret News 22 Jul. 2006.

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                <text>According to local legend, a mysterious presence haunts St. Anne's Retreat in Logan Canyon. Voiced by David Sidwell. Part of the Stokes Nature Center's podcast series History and  Lore of Logan Canyon where each podcast is linked to a specific site in Logan Canyon. Includes transcription.</text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Old Ephraim
One of the most famous residents of Logan Canyon was a grizzly bear named Old Ephraim.
Old Ephraim was big even by grizzly bear standards. He was said to stand 9 feet 11 inches tall and
weigh approximately 1,100 pounds. However, since grizzlies normally range from 225 to 670 pounds,
this estimate is quite possibly an exaggeration used to make a good story even better. It is safe to say,
though, that Old Ephraim was intimidatingly large.
Like other bears, Old Ephraim was considered a nuisance by the sheep herders grazing their
flocks in the canyon because he had a tendency to eat their sheep. Many Logan Canyon bears were
hunted and killed by sheep herders trying to protect their flocks. One particular sheep herder named
Frank Clark was no exception. Beginning in 1911, Frank took his sheep into Logan Canyon every
summer. In the 45 summers he grazed his flock in the canyon, there were only two summers that he
failed to kill at least one bear.
In 1913, Old Ephraim began to visit Frank's flock. For 10 summers after that, he continued to
eat Frank's sheep. And for 10 summers, Frank used traps and guns, attempting and failing to rid
himself of the clever and unwelcome visitor. When Frank found Old Ephraim's wallow, a muddy
shallow pool of water where the bear spent time, he thought victory was close. He set up a bear trap in
the wallow. But Old Ephraim was very clever and picked up the trap without setting it off, dropping it
nearby before getting into his pool. Frank tried more traps in the following years with the same result.
The conflict between Frank and Old Ephraim continued until 1923 when the grizzly created a
new wallow. Frank decided to try his old trick at the new location. The next night, Old Ephraim fell
into the trap. One mile downstream, Frank awoke to, in his words, “an awful roar and scream” of
“mingled pain and misery.” Frank grabbed his rifle and ran through the dark to the wallow. There, he
saw Old Ephraim lunging about on his hind feet. Ephraim's right front foot was caught in the trap and
wrapped with 14 feet of chain. Still on his hind feet, the bear began to walk up the bank towards Frank.
Terrified, Frank fired his rifle, hitting Ephraim with several shots. The giant bear fell dead. Frank
described the death of Old Ephraim in these words. “I sat down and watched his spirit depart from that
great body, and it seemed to take a long time, but at last he raised his head just a mite, gasped and was
still.”
Frank then ran off to find his nearest neighboring herdsman in the canyon, and when he
returned, they skinned the bear and burned the carcass. Then, Frank buried the remains at this site now
called Ephraim's Grave. Later on, a Boy Scout troop went to the grave site and took the 15 inch skull.
They sent it to the Smithsonian, who confirmed that it had belonged to a grizzly bear. In 1978, the
skull came back to Logan on a long-term loan from the Smithsonian. It now resides on display in the
basement of the Merrill-Cazier Library at Utah State University.
Only later did people realize that Old Ephraim was Utah's last grizzly bear. When telling his
story afterwards, Frank Clark expressed regret over killing the bear. Today, Old Ephaim's grave stands
as a tribute to the grizzly bears that once roamed Logan Canyon.
Sources:
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Recorded account of the killing of Old Ephraim written by Frank Clark at the request of the Forest
Service. Can be accessed on Utah State University's Merrill-Cazier Library website:
http://digital.lib.usu.edu/u?/Ephraim,78.

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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Bear Lake Monster
Like Loch Ness and many other lakes around the world, Bear Lake keeps a monster-sized secret
in its depths. The legend seems to have been born in 1868 when local resident Joseph Rich reported
sightings of “a strange serpent creature.” Rich was a correspondent for the Evening Deseret News in
Salt Lake City, where his articles and letters about the monster were first published.
Between 1868 and 1871, several more sightings of the beast were reported. Four campers
claimed that a huge alligator-like animal emerged from the water and destroyed their camp. A local
from Paris, Idaho, named Thomas Sleight reported seeing a huge animal three miles out on the lake
swimming south with incredible speed. Aquilla Nebeker, a resident of South Eden, saw the monster
gobbling his flock of sheep along with several rolls of barbed wire.
With each sighting, however, the description of the monster changed dramatically. The Bear
Lake monster has been reported to be as little as 6 and as much as 90 feet long. It had a horse-like head
and then a snake-like head. Its body has been alternately brown, green, shiny, scaly, or hairy. Through
the years, the beast was seen rising out of the water, floating calmly, swimming at great speed, and even
walking on the shore.
Interestingly, several eyewitness accounts came from men and women greatly respected within
the community. This helped to convince people that there really must be some kind of creature
inhabiting the lake. Panic rose, and local shop owners saw an increase in gun sales from 1868 to 1870.
At different points of time, plots were hatched to capture the beast. A man named Phineas Cook crafted
a large fishing hook, attached it to a log float, baited it with sheep meat, and hoped to catch the monster
like a huge fish. Someone else suggested running the entire lake through a strainer, but no one knew
where to find one of sufficient size.
Several years later, Joseph Rich claimed his Bear Lake monster story was a hoax that he
invented to help attract tourists to the lake. However, many witnesses stood by their accounts. While
the overall fervor about the monster has abated, the legend continues, and the locals still have fun with
the story, making boats and parade floats in the image of the beast.
Take a look at the beautiful Caribbean-blue waters of the Bear Lake. Do you think something
lurks below the surface?
Sources:
Bagley, Pat. “'Monsterologist' doesn't dismiss the Bear Lake Monster.” Salt Lake Tribune 30 Jul. 2006.
Law, Dorothy C. “Bear Lake's monster tales live in history.” The Herald Journal 26 May 1985.
Portraits in Time: Logan Canyon, a Historical Guide. Published by Bridgerland Travel Region and the
United States Forest Service Logan Ranger District.

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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of Stokes Nature Center, (435) 755-3239.</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Road to Recreation
When the Mormon pioneers were first settling in Cache Valley, recreation was very limited.
Not only did the pioneers have little time to devote to recreation, they had fewer options. The canyon
road at this time was not in the best shape, and recreating far up the canyon was difficult. Logan
Canyon was used primarily for the resources it provided. Most of the people who ventured into the
canyon were loggers, herders, hunters, or explorers.
On July 4, 1873, an LDS stake led by Apostle Brigham Young Jr. spent a day of rest and
recreation in the canyon. This may have been the first purely recreational use of the canyon by the
pioneers. The first published account of recreation in Logan Canyon showed up in the Ogden Standard
on August 17, 1888. The article stated: “Rev. Samuel Unsworth, rector of the Church of the Good
Shepherd in this city, returned yesterday, in company with his brother, from a pleasure trip to Logan
Canyon. Their appearance proves that the few days resticating have been of great physical benefit to
them.”
After this, the canyon began to receive increasing mention in the local press as a place for
recreation. It is likely at this time a group of Logan’s leading citizens began to make frequent trips to a
spot about six miles up Tony Grove Creek. The flowery meadow sprinkled with trees made an idyllic
setting for fishing and camping.
To those who used the canyon for work only, the sight of people camping just for fun invoked
envy. They began referring the area condescendingly as “Tony Grove.” The word “tony” was slang for
cultured or high-brow. This name was repeated so often, that it stuck…and grew to include the creek
and eventually, the lake that feeds the creek. Today, Tony Grove is one of the most popular hiking and
camping locations in Logan Canyon.
Sources:
Simmonds, A. J. “A Mountain Grove for the 'Tony Set.'” In God’s Lap: Cache Valley history as told in
the newspaper columns of A. J. Simmonds, A Herald Journal Book. Herald Journal, 2004.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.

�</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of Stokes Nature Center, (435) 755-3239.</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Witch's Castle
Located about 900 feet from the canyon floor, the Wind Caves represent thousands of years of
weathering by wind and water. The result is a beautiful cave-like formation with three delicate arches.
This limestone formation bears the local name “The Witch's Castle.” The resident witch is
known as Hecate, the name of an ancient Greek goddess associated with witchcraft and the underworld.
According to legend, if you venture into Spring Hollow, just across the highway, and chant the name of
the witch, she will appear. Sometimes she appears with her son, and sometimes with her dogs. She
often appears with long white hair, wearing a long pale dress. It is said that she has the ability to kill
car engines.
Some believe the legend dates back to the 1920s when the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints built a girls' lodge at a nearby location. Or it could have come about simply as a result of
imagination and inspiration spurred by the unique natural architecture.
Whatever the origin, the legend has been preserved in the many so-called documented sightings
of Hecate over the years. In one sighting, a man named Clyde was driving his pickup through Logan
Canyon. His truck unexpectedly died near Third Dam, and there was a woman standing in the middle
of the road. The woman was wearing a long gray coat. Clyde frantically tried to restart the engine as
the woman walked around the truck, looking into the window. When she walked behind the truck, it
started up again, and Clyde drove off, watching in his rear-view mirror as the woman slowly followed
him. Only as he exited the canyon did she disappear.
If you are up there at night, you may hear Hecate's dogs howl. The sound is real. As the night
canyon wind blows through the caves, it could easily be mistaken for the howling of a supernatural dog
with a witch companion.
Sources:
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Logan Canyon National Scenic Byway website: http://www.logancanyon.com.

�</text>
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                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of Stokes Nature Center, (435) 755-3239.</text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Stokes Nature Center's Beginnings
Stokes Nature Center operates out of a 3,000 square-foot lodge that sits on U.S. Forest Service
land, under a lease agreement with the Forest Service. It was constructed in 1924 by members of the
American Legion. After the Legion built a new facility in Logan in the late 1980s, they donated the
lodge to the Trapper Trails Council of the Boy Scouts. Finding that it didn't fit their needs, the Boy
Scouts left it vacant.
Several community members in Logan's First Presbyterian Church and the Bridgerland
Audubon Society, seeing a need for nature education in Cache Valley, began to develop the idea of
creating a nature center out of the old abandoned building. In August 1996, the church took ownership
of the building. Together, the Presbyterian Church and Bridgerland Audubon designated a board to
establish a separate organization to develop a not-for-profit nature center.
After being abandoned for over two years, the building was in poor shape. Vandals had kicked
holes in the walls, broken nearly every pane of glass, and built fires on the tile floors. Nature had
begun to reclaim the space, taking its own toll on the building. Trees grew into the sides of the roof,
holes in the ceiling let in the weather, and mice built their nests in the cozy interior. However, the
location was just right: only a short drive from Logan, but far enough into the canyon to bring people
out into nature. And it was free!
There were challenges, but there was an even greater amount of determination on the part of
many people who believed the community badly needed a center for nature education. A crew of over
200 volunteers worked for more than a year renovating the building to provide a safe and welcoming
place for learning. Now, all it needed was a name.
Allen and Alice Stokes loved nature and were both active members of the community. Allen
was a naturalist and professor at Utah State University, and Alice volunteered her time for many causes.
The nature center founders asked Allen and Alice if they could use their name. Reluctantly, the Stokes
gave permission, but Allen asked that Alice’s name be put first. He died before the center opened, and
Alice switched the names so that his was first. On November 1, 1997, the Allen and Alice Stokes
Nature Center was dedicated.
In July 2001, after three and a half successful years of programming, the title to the building
was turned over to Stokes Nature Center. Since then, the center has operated as an independent nonprofit organization with a mission to provide opportunities for people of all ages to explore, learn
about, and develop appreciation and stewardship for our natural world.
Sources:
Stokes Nature Center website: http://www.logannature.org.
Dixon, Bryan. The Allen and Alice Stokes Nature Center in Logan Canyon: The Beginnings.
Field Notes from the Allen and Alice Stokes Nature Center. 1.1 (Feb. 1998).
Strand, Holly. “The Stokes Legacy.” Wild About Utah. Available on the Wild About Utah website:
http://www.bridgerlandaudubon.org/wildaboututah.

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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
A Growing National Forest
The protected area that includes Logan Canyon has grown and changed names many times. In
1903, the Logan Forest Reserve was created by presidential proclamation and covered 107,540 acres.
It and other forest reserves across the nation were under the jurisdiction of the Interior Department's
General Land Office.
Two years after the Logan Forest Reserve was established, Gifford Pinchot, Chief of the Bureau
of Forestry at the Department of Agriculture, transferred all forest reserves to his agency and then
renamed it the Forest Service. While in office, Pinchot brought millions of acres of land under forest
reserve status. The reserve system across the country tripled from 56 million acres in 1905 to 172
million acres in 1910. This is roughly twice the size of the state of Utah. At this time, the Logan
Forest Reserve was expanded and renamed the Bear River Forest Reserve. It now included most of the
Bear River Mountains up to Soda Springs, Idaho.
William Weld Clark, Forest Supervisor for a short time, reported in 1907 the public opinion of
Rich County residents to the growth of the protected forest region. “The attitude of the users and
neighbors of this Forest is on the whole very friendly and favorable. There are still plenty of kickers
who are to be found in all communities and are constitutionally opposed to any regulation by which
they are required to ask for something that they have been in the habit of obtaining without consulting
anyone.”
Pinchot didn’t like the term “forest reserve.” He thought it gave the impression that the forests
were set aside and not meant to be used. But in fact, forest reserves have always been meant to have
multiple uses, from grazing and timber harvest in moderation to recreational opportunities, as well as
protecting the forests for future generations. To emphasize the idea of utility, Pinchot changed “forest
reserves” to “national forests.” Thus, the Bear River Forest Reserve became the Bear River National
Forest.
In 1908, the Bear River National Forest was split. A portion of the Idaho lands were transferred
to the Pocatello National Forest, and the remaining area was renamed the Cache National Forest. Over
the years, the Cache National Forest transformed many times, as lands were added and subtracted.
Notably, in 1915 the Pocatello National Forest was eliminated, and its lands transferred to the Cache
National Forest.
Then in 1973, in an effort to consolidate management, Cache National Forest merged with
neighboring Wasatch National Forest. Idaho lands were transferred to the Caribou National Forest.
The result was the Wasatch-Cache National Forest.
The most recent change occurred in August, 2007. The Uinta National Forest was merged with
the Wasatch-Cache to create the current Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest. The forest covers
nearly 2.1 million acres, or nearly 4% of Utah’s total area and is one of the most frequently visited
national forests in the nation.
References:
U.S. Forest Service Website: http://www.fs.fed.us.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Johnson, Michael W. “Whiskey or Water: A Brief History of the Cache National Forest.” Utah
Historical Quarterly. 73.4 (Fall 2005).

�Forest History Society website: http://www.foresthistory.org.
Wilson, Richa. “On Horseback and by Highway: Administrative Facilities of the Wasatch-Cache
National Forest 1902-1960.” Historic Context Statement and Evaluations, Forest Service Report No.
WS-05-731. U.S. Forest Service, 2005.

�</text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Temple Sawmill
In Spring 1877, Brigham Young, the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, decided to build a temple in Cache Valley. The locals looked to the canyons to the east for the
resources they needed to complete this huge task. By summer of the same year, Thomas X. Smith and
C. O. Card located an appropriate site in Logan Canyon, a side-canyon then called Maughan's Fork.
This was a very competitive time for lumber. Nearby, the Utah &amp; Northern Railroad was being
constructed, and Coe and Carter, a company that supplied railroad ties, had scouts looking to the
mountains of northern Utah to supply the wood they would need. Upon receiving news of this, the
locals took immediate action to secure the stands of trees they had chosen for the temple. Card sent out
a team to begin construction of the new sawmill, and not a moment too soon. Historian Marion
Everton wrote, “When the Coe and Carter outfit arrived some forty-eight hours later they found the
first logs laid out for a big sawmill and men busily engaged in constructing shelters, but not too busy to
tell visitors that they intended to continue the occupation of Maughan's Fork with the exclusion of any
and all other outfits.”
Work progressed quickly, and on November 4, 1877, the mill sawed its first board. In 1878, the
side-canyon where the sawmill was located began to be called by an appropriate name: Temple Fork.
The sawmill proved to be overly capable, producing more wood than was needed for the new
temple. Contracts were made with the Utah &amp; Northern to cut the extra wood into railroad ties, and,
ironically, the project that once rivaled the temple became a project that helped fund its construction.
The sawmill operated for 9 years, producing more than 2.5 million board-feet of lumber, 21,000
railroad ties, and many other wood products. It was closed down in 1884 and put up for sale, but there
were no buyers. In 1886, the sawmill met its end when it mysteriously burned down. Two sets of
men's footprints in the snow led to and from the site, which led people to suspect arson. However, no
clues indicating who set the fire, or why, were ever found.
Sources:
Simmonds, A. J. In God’s Lap: Cache Valley history as told in the newspaper columns of A. J.
Simmonds, A Herald Journal Book. Herald Journal, 2004.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.

�</text>
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                    <text>Stokes Nature Center
History &amp; Lore of Logan Canyon Podcast Series
Establishing a Forest Reserve
Logan Canyon is one of the most scenic areas of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest. It
offers an abundance of recreational opportunities, including skiing, hiking, kayaking, and camping.
However, it was not always viewed as a recreational resource.
During the late 19th century, huge timber harvests and overgrazing led to the deterioration of
Logan Canyon. Irrigation and drinking water in Cache Valley became so polluted that residents
debated whether to petition President Theodore Roosevelt to intervene to preserve Logan Canyon and
its river. At the urging of several concerned citizens, the Cache County Commission called for a public
meeting to discuss the issue. On February 15, 1902, citizens from throughout the county gathered and
after much debate, voted almost unanimously in favor of petitioning the president.
President Roosevelt sent a grazing expert named Albert F. Potter to survey the canyon. Potter
estimated that around 150,000 sheep grazed in the Utah portion of the Bear River Mountains in 1901.
He concluded that the canyon had indeed been overgrazed and the trees over-harvested. So in May
1903, President Roosevelt signed a proclamation establishing the Logan Forest Reserve. The
designation covered 107,540 acres in and around Logan Canyon.
During his visit to Salt Lake City in spring of 1903, Roosevelt made a formal address to the
citizens of Utah. He said “do not let the mountain forests be devastated by the men who overgraze
them, destroy them for the sake of three years' use and then go somewhere else, and leave so much
diminished the heritage of those who remain permanently on the land.”
The General Land Office appointed John Fell Squires, a 56-year-old barber from Logan, to
serve as Forest Supervisor. James Leatham, a farmer and school teacher from Wellsville, became the
first ranger. These two men comprised the entire forest management team for the new reserve. They
fought the occasional forest fire and introduced a permit system for grazing. When the system was first
introduced, Squires and Leatham issued 17 permits for a total of 33,950 sheep. This is less than a
quarter of the number of sheep that grazed there in 1901.
Logan Canyon slowly returned to a state of ecological health. Today, the canyon continues to
be used and managed for multiple purposes, including recreation, power production, and forest
products. As stated by Gifford Pinchot, the first Chief of the Forest Service, National Forests should
“provide the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people in the long run.”
Sources:
U.S. Forest Service Website: http://www.fs.fed.us.
Sweeney, Michael S. Last Unspoiled Place: Utah's Logan Canyon. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Johnson, Michael W. “Whiskey or Water: A Brief History of the Cache National Forest.” Utah
Historical Quarterly. 73.4 (Fall 2005).

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                    <text>Director

TRANSPORTAnON COMMISSION

William D. Hurley, P.E

cox

R. LAVA UN
CHAIRMAN
WA YNE S. WINTERS
VICE CHAIRMAN
CLEM H. CHURCH
SAMUEL J . TAYLOR
CHARLES E. WARD
RONALD A . FERNLEY
SECRETARY

Assistant Director
C.V. Anderson, P.E.

UTAH DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
State Office Building
Salt lake City, Utah 84114

January 14, 1980
Mr. Brian Beard
President
Utah . Chapter Sierra Club
93 East lstSeuth
Logan, Utah
84321

Dear Mr. Beard:
The CEQ Regulatiens (40 CFR ·1500 .et seq) yeu refer to in your letter
ef Nevember 21, 1979, were, in fact, . published in the Nevember 29, 1978,
edition of the Federal Register ·. The eight';"'month deadline given therein
fer cempliance dealt .strictly with direct Federal projects~ Agencies
administering programs under Sectien 102(2)D ef NEPA were allowed an additienal feur months for State . agencies to adopt implementing procedure:;;~
Accerdingly, UDOT was respensible for cempliance with the CEQ RegUlations
no. later than Nevember· 30,1979.
On Octeber 31, 1979, by memerandum from William D. Hurley to George
W. Behn, Divisien Administrator for FHWA, UDOT gave .its . assurance that: .
"By Nevember 30, 1979, all prejects . which are te . be developed under Federalaid Highway Programs will be advanced· in full cempliance with 40 CFR 1500
et seq · (Ceuncil on Envirenmental Quality . RegUlations) ."
Changes to · the UDOT Action Plan reflecting the CEQ RegUlatiens have
been under preparatien since November, 1978, but have not been published
pending the reissue ef FHPM (Federal-aid Highway Program Manual) 7-7-2 by
FHWA. FHPM 7-7-2 is presently being rewritten tocenferm to. . the CEQ Regulatiens. When · it is published in final ferm, UDOT can publish its . changes
to. the Action Plan.
Under the circumstances · described above, UDOT, :E0r the time being,
coordinates withFHWA on a project-by-project basis determining for each
project whether · an EIS, EA (Environmental Assessment) . is required or
whether the project qualifies · as a categorical exclusion as described in
the regulatiens. ·
I hope this satisfies yeur requests. If yeu weuld like any further
information en this matter, please · feel free to centact me. My office
number is 533-5224.
Very truly yours,
~~.-c;"il"if"-,",--

/'

C. Gene Sturzenegger,
Engineer fer Locatien &amp; Envirenmental Studies

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                    <text>DATE:

[tee.

TIME:

7 :00 - 9:00 PM

1994

PERSONS PRESENT:

Lauren keller, Ka~ny Gilb ert, Shawn
Swaner, M
ark Bowen, Nathan ~uit, Dianne Sigirled,
Gordon SteInhoff, Merv Coover

1. Shawn discussed t ne upcomIng Transportati on CommIssion MeetIng on
Dec. 15 in Salt Lake City. He agreed to be the spokesperson for CPLC at
tne mee~lng. He was asked by UDOI ~o present our position. Todd
Weston, a memoer 0+ tne Transportation Commiss Ion naG presented hIS
preference for tne Preferreo AlternatIve at tne Cache County CounCI l
meetIng on Dec. 13. weston wan~ed the council's support for the
Preferred Altern ative to ensure federa l nighway fundIng . The counCI l
vo~ed (S-2! for the modified ROD as negotIated bv CPLC w I~h UDO I In
order ~o get tne project mOVIng.

2. KeVIn kobe, Dan MI ll er, Lil l lane Bowen oresented the Dositlon of t ne
Logan Canyon Coai ltion. Their POS I tion was to coooerate fully wlth CPLC
ana no~ to JepOrdlz e ~he bargainIng POSItIon of CPLC. They dIG no~ wan~
to stop th e project but WISneG ~o pursue other Issues such as a tores~
service appeal when ~he Forest SerVIce Issued a modIfIed forest plan In
oraer for tne road construction to Oegln. Thev would I Ik e to get more
compromIses from UDOT . They left the meeting after tne i r presentatIon.
Laure n ied the discussion ior Incorporation. The fo l lOWIng were
agt-'ee,j upon:
a. we would Incoporate as a non-p r ofIt, educatIonal organization .
O. the board would conSlS~ of 9 members.
c. board terms would be staggered witn 2 year terms.
d. aC~lng offlcers were e lected as out! lned by the procedure In tne Nay.
17tn mInutes. ChaIr - Shawn Swan er, Vice-Ch aIr - Lauren Kei Jer,
S e cre~ary - ~a~hy GI l bert
e. ~he meetIng was adjourned before all the Items for lncorooration were
dIscussed. It was agreed ~o complete thIS bUSi ness at the Jan. j 9~
meeting.
4.

1'1EE;TING i~AfL?C:HfDU_LEQ.. £OR.;.. JAN. 12,_J. 1 9j AT 7:00 f'i"l . H
I
The agenda will Include:

"t"f..IE NEXT BOARD

kATHY'S hOUSE.

a. the remainIng items for IncorporatIon.
b . selectIon of the CAT team member.
c. plannIng for general memoershlp mee~lng.

�</text>
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                    <text>,~:".... ·...Ull i tt::d ~~ ates&#13;
&#13;
forest&#13;
Dixie&#13;
32 t\'orth 100 East&#13;
Service&#13;
NCltional Forest&#13;
P.O. Box 0580&#13;
\:~s&gt;'.!::.. gr l.c:..::u:..::l.::-...:t:::.:u:::.r::....:::.e_ _ ______________ _ _________ _d_a_r C_i_t....l.y_,:.....-U_T 8_4_7_2_1_-0_S_8_0&#13;
C_e __&#13;
__&#13;
&#13;
:(il~.? c p~ r t~ent of&#13;
&#13;
Reply To:&#13;
Date:&#13;
&#13;
1620&#13;
January 14, 1991&#13;
&#13;
Je ar Fri ends:&#13;
~e&#13;
&#13;
are planning a working meeting to develop alternative s for predator&#13;
ma na geme nt and control on the Dixi e Na tional Forest. The meeting is scheduled&#13;
~o r Th ursday, February 7, 1990 at 1:00 p.m. at the Holiday Inn, 1575 W. 200 N.&#13;
iT! Ce dar City, Utah.&#13;
The purpose of this meeting is to review the current&#13;
'-; l L:u&lt;1c i on, rin&lt;.11izc; our lise of issues an d manage mellL O}Jti oIlS, alld Jeve10p&#13;
I&#13;
&#13;
.&#13;
&#13;
t. ('&#13;
&#13;
1-&#13;
&#13;
n ZILL \' c S&#13;
&#13;
[ 0&#13;
&#13;
r .- 111 ; 1 I y.:. i. s .&#13;
&#13;
Pa rticipa nts will have an opportun ity to suggest additional issues, management&#13;
op t ions a nd alternatives for consid era tion.&#13;
The alternatives developed at the&#13;
~e eting will them be analyzed in detail to determine the results and&#13;
e nv ironmental consequences of impl ementation of each one.&#13;
The meeting will last about 3 to 3 1/2 hours and everyone is invited to attend.&#13;
&#13;
I f yo u are unable to attend, please let us know your thoughts on issues,&#13;
ma nagement options, o r alterna tive s in writing, by phone, or in person prior to&#13;
the meeting .&#13;
Sin cerely,&#13;
I&#13;
&#13;
f&#13;
&#13;
i !l.'G II C. THOMPSON&#13;
F,) re s t Sup e rv i s 0 r&#13;
&#13;
Caring for the Land and Serving People&#13;
FS-6200-28b(4/88)&#13;
&#13;
~1&#13;
&#13;
i&#13;
&#13;
/&#13;
&#13;
�</text>
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                    <text>PERRYGITY
3005 SOUTH 1200 WEST - PERRY, UTAH 84302
(801) 723-6461

August 11, 1989

Senator John P. Holmgren
4570 West 5400 North
Bear River City, Utah
Subject: Commercial Vehicle Regulatory Signs Highway 89
Dear Senator Holmgren,
Perry City Officials were please to see the signs that have
been posted regulating commercial vehicle traffic on State
Highway 89 through Perry City.
We sincerely appreciate any time and effort you have put
into this project.
One suggestion we have received that we will pass on to you
is perhaps the signs just stating a gross weight limit would be
easier to understand and control.
Thank you for your interest and support.

Sincerely,

Mayor

&amp; the Perry City Council

�Willard, Utah 84340

80 West 50 South

Aug l! ::::.t;

1 (&gt; ~

1 '38'3

John Holmgren
4570 West 5400 North
Bear River Cit y , Utah

Willard
City
extends a s pecial th a nk - y ol! for the time a n d ef f ort y o u
have put into accomplishing the po s ting of SR 89 (Willard-P e r ry ) wh ic h
has
limited
the
semi
truck
use
on
this highway. W h a ve a lread y
e
felt the impact and it ha s been E x tremely pO $ itive.
The
safety
of the people in this area, particularly the children a nd
pedestrian tr~ffic has
been
s i gnific a ntly affected. And the e x citing
point is that we have merely begun to feel the effects of the posting.
We
realize
that
there
may be some negative input from the trucking
companies,
but
we
also
feel
that
if
these compani e s giv e 1-15 a
chance,
they too will l'-e.:':\lize the impc'rt .:3f~iC (:? of th f~ posting .:3 ';::. ,..... (·?ll s
the safety aspects involved.
,
~~ e
a p pre cia t e
y ou r
i n put
and
c on v"e y 0 tJ'r- t han k s .
I t i s 9 rea t: \,..,1 ~'i E' n
state agencies work together to protect the safety of its citizen s an d
respond to the needs of the people.

You

' hav~ ' ~m~acted

our lives for

many years to come.
Sincerely,

WILLARD CITY CORPORATION

~~~
,
LONNIE THORPE
Ma y o r,

-

Willard City

�80 West 50 South

Willard, Utah 84340

August 10, 1989

Eugene Findlay,
Utah Depa'rtment
-4501 south 27~O
~~lt Lak~ City,
The citizens
effort given
limiting the
highway for 50

Director
of T!:ansportatlon
west
ut 84119
of this area are extremely grateful for the time and
to accomplish the posting of , SR 89 (Willard-Perry)
weight of the trucks that have abused the use of this
many years.

The - safety of the the people in this area, particularly the children
and business patrons will be significantly affected.
We are aware the the posting involved effort and cooperation from m~ny
individuals and agencies in working together to affect the change,
speci f i_ ~a~ly:
•
;.

•

Senator John Holmgren
Department of Commerce
Representative Rob Bishop
Utah Department of Transportation
Utah Highway Patrol

As well as input from - Box Elder County Commission
Box Elder County Sheriff Office
Wlllard Clty

Perry City
Heritage Council
Box Elder County School District
Judge Lorin :Facer
Willard P.T.A.

, Hay we convey our thanks and ongoing appreciation, as well as support.
It is great when state agencies work -together to protect" the safety of
its citizens and res~orid to the needs of the people.
. .,

�You have impacted our lives for _many years to come.
Sincerely,
WILLARD CITY CORPORATION

LONNIE THORPE
Mayor, Willard City

cc: Doug Bodrero, Commission Dept. Public Safety
David Buhler, Director Dept. of Commerce
enator John Holmgren
Rep. Robeft Bishop '

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              <text>PERRYGITY  3005 SOUTH 1200 WEST - PERRY, UTAH 84302  (801) 723-6461  Senator John P. Holmgren  4570 West 5400 North  Bear River City, Utah  August 11, 1989  Subject: Commercial Vehicle Regulatory Signs Highway 89  Dear Senator Holmgren,  Perry City Officials were please to see the signs that have  been posted regulating commercial vehicle traffic on State  Highway 89 through Perry City.  We sincerely appreciate any time and effort you have put  into this project.  One suggestion we have received that we will pass on to you  is perhaps the signs just stating a gross weight limit would be  easier to understand and control.  Thank you for your interest and support.  Sincerely,  Mayor  &amp; the Perry City Council  80 West 50 South  John Holmgren  4570 West 5400 North  Bear River Cit y , Utah  Willard, Utah 84340  Aug l! ::::.t; 1 (&amp;gt; ~ 1 '38'3  Willard City extends a s pecial th a nk - y ol! for the time a nd ef f ort y o u  have put into accomplishing the pos ting of SR 89 (Willard-Pe r ry ) wh ic h  has limited the semi truck use on this highway. We h a ve a lready  felt the impact and it has been Extremely pO$ itive.  The safety of the people in this area, particularly the children a nd  pedestrian tr~ffic has been s i gnific a ntly affected. And the e xciting  point is that we have merely begun to feel the effects of the posting.  We realize that there may be some negative input from the trucking  companies, but we also feel that if these compani e s give 1-15 a  chance, they too will l'-e.:':\lize the impc'rt .:3f~iC (:? of th f~ posting .:3 ';::. ,.. ... (åá?ll s  the safet, y aspects involved.  ~~ e a p pre cia t e you r i n put and c on v" e y 0 tJ'r- t han k s . I ti s 9 rea t: \,..,1 ~'i E' n  state agencies work together to protect the safety of its citizens and  respond to the needs of the people.  You ' hav~ ' ~m~acted our lives for many years to come.  Sincerely,  WILLARD CITY CORPORATION  ~~~ ,  LONNIE THORPE -  Ma y o r, Willard City  80 West 50 South  Eugene Findlay, Director  Utah Depa'rtment of T!:ansportatlon  -4501 south 27~O west  ~~lt Lak~ City, ut 84119  Willard, Utah 84340  August 10, 1989  The citizens of this area are extremely grateful for the time and  effort given to accomplish the posting of, SR 89 (Willard-Perry)  limiting the weight of the trucks that have abused the use of this  highway for 50 many years.  The -safety of the the people in this area, particularly the children  and business patrons will be significantly affected.  We are aware the the posting involved effort and cooperation from m~ny  individuals and agencies in working together to affect the change,  speci f i_ ~a~ly:  ;. ‰Û¢ ‰Û¢  Senator John Holmgren  Department of Commerce  Representative Rob Bishop  Utah Department of Transportation  Utah Highway Patrol  As well as input from - Box Elder County Commission  Box Elder County Sheriff Office  Wlllard Clty  Perry City  Heritage Council  Box Elder County School District  Judge Lorin :Facer  Willard P.T.A.  ,Hay we convey our thanks and ongoing appreciation, as well as support.  It is great when state agencies work -together to protect" the safety of  its citizens and res~orid to the needs of the people.  . .,  You have impacted our lives for _many years to come.  Sincerely,  WILLARD CITY CORPORATION  LONNIE THORPE  Mayor, Willard City  cc: Doug Bodrero, Commission Dept. Public Safety  David Buhler, Director Dept. of Commerce  enator John Holmgren  Rep. Robeft Bishop '</text>
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                    <text>PERRYGITY
3005 SOUTH 1200 WEST - PERRY, UTAH 84302
(801) 723-6461

August 11, 1989

Senator John P. Holmgren
4570 West 5400 North
Bear River City, Utah
Subject: Commercial Vehicle Regulatory Signs Highway 89
Dear Senator Holmgren,
Perry City Officials were please to see the signs that have
been posted regulating commercial vehicle traffic on State
Highway 89 through Perry City.
We sincerely appreciate any time and effort you have put
into this project.
One suggestion we have received that we will pass on to you
is perhaps the signs just stating a gross weight limit would be
easier to understand and control.
Thank you for your interest and support.

Sincerely,

Mayor

&amp; the Perry City Council

�Willard, Utah 84340

80 West 50 South

Aug l! ::::.t;

1 (&gt; ~

1 '38'3

John Holmgren
4570 West 5400 North
Bear River Cit y , Utah

Willard
City
extends a s pecial th a nk - y ol! for the time a n d ef f ort y o u
have put into accomplishing the po s ting of SR 89 (Willard-P e r ry ) wh ic h
has
limited
the
semi
truck
use
on
this highway. W h a ve a lread y
e
felt the impact and it ha s been E x tremely pO $ itive.
The
safety
of the people in this area, particularly the children a nd
pedestrian tr~ffic has
been
s i gnific a ntly affected. And the e x citing
point is that we have merely begun to feel the effects of the posting.
We
realize
that
there
may be some negative input from the trucking
companies,
but
we
also
feel
that
if
these compani e s giv e 1-15 a
chance,
they too will l'-e.:':\lize the impc'rt .:3f~iC (:? of th f~ posting .:3 ';::. ,..... (·?ll s
the safety aspects involved.
,
~~ e
a p pre cia t e
y ou r
i n put
and
c on v"e y 0 tJ'r- t han k s .
I t i s 9 rea t: \,..,1 ~'i E' n
state agencies work together to protect the safety of its citizen s an d
respond to the needs of the people.

You

' hav~ ' ~m~acted

our lives for

many years to come.
Sincerely,

WILLARD CITY CORPORATION

~~~
,
LONNIE THORPE
Ma y o r,

-

Willard City

�80 West 50 South

Willard, Utah 84340

August 10, 1989

Eugene Findlay,
Utah Depa'rtment
-4501 south 27~O
~~lt Lak~ City,
The citizens
effort given
limiting the
highway for 50

Director
of T!:ansportatlon
west
ut 84119
of this area are extremely grateful for the time and
to accomplish the posting of , SR 89 (Willard-Perry)
weight of the trucks that have abused the use of this
many years.

The - safety of the the people in this area, particularly the children
and business patrons will be significantly affected.
We are aware the the posting involved effort and cooperation from m~ny
individuals and agencies in working together to affect the change,
speci f i_ ~a~ly:
•
;.

•

Senator John Holmgren
Department of Commerce
Representative Rob Bishop
Utah Department of Transportation
Utah Highway Patrol

As well as input from - Box Elder County Commission
Box Elder County Sheriff Office
Wlllard Clty

Perry City
Heritage Council
Box Elder County School District
Judge Lorin :Facer
Willard P.T.A.

, Hay we convey our thanks and ongoing appreciation, as well as support.
It is great when state agencies work -together to protect" the safety of
its citizens and res~orid to the needs of the people.
. .,

�You have impacted our lives for _many years to come.
Sincerely,
WILLARD CITY CORPORATION

LONNIE THORPE
Mayor, Willard City

cc: Doug Bodrero, Commission Dept. Public Safety
David Buhler, Director Dept. of Commerce
enator John Holmgren
Rep. Robeft Bishop '

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              <text>Cyanotype images in this collection are stored as archival TIFF and access JPEG files. Using a Creo-Scitex Eversmart Jazz+ scanner, they were scanned at 600 dpi (5 x7 or larger) or 1200 dpi (smaller) with 8-bit RGB.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="106">
          <name>Date Digital</name>
          <description>Record the date the item was digitized.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="71956">
              <text>8/11/2005</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Purchasing Information</name>
          <description>Describe or link to information about purchasing copies of this item.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="71957">
              <text>To order photocopies, scans, or prints of this item for fair use purposes, please see Utah State University's Reproduction Order Form at: &lt;a&gt;https://library.usu.edu/specol/using/index.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Local URL</name>
          <description>The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="71958">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Bear/id/40"&gt;http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Bear/id/40&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71924">
                <text>Mouth of Logan Canyon looking east, circa 1914</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71925">
                <text>Mouth of Logan Canyon looking east. In the right foreground is the Island area with Canyon Road running through it</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71926">
                <text> to the left is the canal.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71927">
                <text>Turpin, George M. (George Melvin), 1882-1943</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71928">
                <text> </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71929">
                <text>Utah Agricultural Experiment Station</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71930">
                <text>Logan Canyon (Utah)--Pictorial works</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71931">
                <text> </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="79">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71932">
                <text>Cyanotypes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71933">
                <text> Images</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71934">
                <text> </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71935">
                <text>1896-1916</text>
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            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Logan Canyon (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71937">
                <text> Cache County (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71938">
                <text> Utah</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="71939">
                <text> United States</text>
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          <element elementId="82">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71940">
                <text>1890-1899</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71941">
                <text> 1900-1909</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71942">
                <text> 1910-1919</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71943">
                <text> 20th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71944">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71945">
                <text>Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Agricultural College Of Utah Cyanotypes, 1896 - 1916, P0014 Box 1, Folder 5, Item 12</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71946">
                <text>Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71947">
                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the Cache Valley Visitors Bureau, (435) 755-1890 or 1-800-882-4433</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71948">
                <text>Bear River Watershed </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71949">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="71950">
                <text>StillImage</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71951">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="71952">
                <text>P0014_01_05_012</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="175">
        <name>Highway 89; Logan Canyon; Cache National Forest;</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
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        <src>https://highway89.org/files/original/c3ca9fd105d86db452f8516460ed13ee.pdf</src>
        <authentication>12d481c3427c3adff4de5d86236d4564</authentication>
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            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="92">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="66198">
                    <text>Mark N. Tuttle

~

Fe~rY 16,

1958 N. Kingston Road
Farmington, Utah 84025
(801) 451-2025

1990

Representative James Hansen
1017 Federal Building
324 25th Street
Ogden, Utah 84401

Dear Representative Hansen,
I was very disappointed to read about your support for conversion of
Highway 89, not only your support for making it into an expressway, but even
worse, an interstate. I attended many of the public meetings on this issue over
the last two years and can not believe for one minute that you would support
either of these proposals as a representation of the will of the people. It is
obvious to everyone that attended these public meetings that the residence of the
area do not want another 1-15 in their backyard. Nor do we need one.
I have written Mayor Arbuckle to congratulate him on his opposition, the
thought of sacrificing the USU gardens in Farmington in favor of acres of asphalt
and concrete is tragic.
I hope that the time will corne when the battle-cry of
"economic development" will not longer justify every travesty of nature and
unnecessary public expense that is proposed, especially when the proposal will
destroy the economics of a community and the lifestyle that we bought our homes
to enjoy.

supporter

�</text>
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        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="6">
          <name>Local URL</name>
          <description>The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66293">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/highway89/id/1701"&gt;http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/highway89/id/1701&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="107">
          <name>Purchasing Information</name>
          <description>Describe or link to information about purchasing copies of this item.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66294">
              <text>To order photocopies, scans, or prints of this item for fair use purposes, please see Utah State University's Reproduction Order Form at: &lt;a href="https://library.usu.edu/specol/using/copies.php"&gt;https://library.usu.edu/specol/using/copies.php&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="105">
          <name>Digital Publisher</name>
          <description>List the name of the entity that digitized and published this item online.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66295">
              <text>Digitized by: Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="106">
          <name>Date Digital</name>
          <description>Record the date the item was digitized.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66296">
              <text>2013</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="101">
          <name>Conversion Specs</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="66297">
              <text>Scanned by Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library using Epson Expression 10000 scanner.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="97">
          <name>Checksum</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66298">
              <text>2013803911</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>File Size</name>
          <description>Size of the file in bytes.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="66299">
              <text>649179 Bytes</text>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66270">
                <text>Correspondence from Mark N. Tuttle to James Hansen, April 16, 1990</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66271">
                <text>Correspondence from Mark N. Tuttle to James Hansen, April 16, 1990, expressing Tuttle's disappointment in Hansen's support of the conversion of Highway 89.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66272">
                <text>Tuttle, Mark N.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66273">
                <text>United States Highway 89</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66274">
                <text> Logan (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="79">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66275">
                <text>Correspondence</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66276">
                <text>4/16/90</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="81">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66277">
                <text>Farmington (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66278">
                <text> Davis County (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66279">
                <text> Ogden (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66280">
                <text> Weber County (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66281">
                <text> Utah</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66282">
                <text> United States</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="82">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66283">
                <text>1990-1999</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="66284">
                <text> 20th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66285">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66286">
                <text>Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library, Special Collections and Archives, Papers of Congressman James V. Hansen, 1970-2003, COLL MSS 351 Series I Box 85</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="71">
            <name>Is Referenced By</name>
            <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66287">
                <text>View the inventory for this collection at: &lt;a href="http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv82138"&gt;http://uda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv82138&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66288">
                <text>Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with the consent of the USU Special Collections and Archives, phone (435) 797-2663.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66289">
                <text>Highway 89 Digital Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66290">
                <text>Text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66291">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66292">
                <text>MSS351SerIBx85_Item_8.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="163">
        <name>Highway 89;</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1590" public="1" featured="0">
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        <src>https://highway89.org/files/original/8579596cbb4de2b705a971aaac8f4ebc.jpg</src>
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      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Where else is this found?</name>
          <description>Give the URL for the item, if it is in another respository (like CONTENTdm)</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="88566">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/LoganCanyon/id/242"&gt;http://digital.lib.usu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/LoganCanyon/id/242&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="105">
          <name>Digital Publisher</name>
          <description>List the name of the entity that digitized and published this item online.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="100189">
              <text>Digitized by: Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="101">
          <name>Conversion Specs</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="100190">
              <text>Scanned by Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library using Epson Expression 10000 scanner, 8-bit RGB, at 600 dpi. Archival file is uncompressed TIFF (600 dpi)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="100191">
              <text> display file is JPEG2000</text>
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        <element elementId="106">
          <name>Date Digital</name>
          <description>Record the date the item was digitized.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="100193">
              <text>2011-11-02</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="100162">
                <text>View of a stream in Temple Fork taken by the United States Forest Service, 1960</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="100163">
                <text>U.S.F.S image, a stream in Temple Fork, 1960. Black and white photograph (3 x 5 in)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="100164">
                <text>United States. Forest Service</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="100165">
                <text>Temple Fork (Logan Canyon, Utah)--Photographs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="100166">
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            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="100167">
                <text>Black and white photographs</text>
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            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="100169">
                <text> Logan Canyon (Utah)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="100170">
                <text> Cache County (Utah)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="100171">
                <text> Utah</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="100172">
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            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
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                <text> 20th century</text>
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                <text> </text>
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                <text>Logan Canyon Reflections </text>
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                <text>Brigham Young University, Harold B. Lee Library, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, MSS 3341 # 144 New Daily Herald Newspaper Box 5 #4 "Provo City"</text>
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              <text>Digitized by: Northern Arizona University. Cline Library.</text>
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          <name>Scanning resolution</name>
          <description>Resolution in DPI</description>
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              <text>1200</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="96">
          <name>Colorspace</name>
          <description>RGB or Grayscale, for example</description>
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              <text>Grayscale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Checksum</name>
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              <text>3D1C66E378D7FB18675584EED19E8E62</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>File Size</name>
          <description>Size of the file in bytes.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="48407">
              <text>22417128</text>
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        <element elementId="101">
          <name>Conversion Specs</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>Scanned by Northern Arizona University. Cline Library using Epson Expression 10000XL scanner, display file is JPEG.</text>
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        <element elementId="106">
          <name>Date Digital</name>
          <description>Record the date the item was digitized.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="48409">
              <text>2012-01-31</text>
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          <name>Purchasing Information</name>
          <description>Describe or link to information about purchasing copies of this item.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="48410">
              <text>To order a print or digital file of this item, please see Northern Arizona University. Cline Library's Reproduction Order Form at: &lt;a&gt;http://archive.library.nau.edu/cdm/ordering/#ordering&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <element elementId="6">
          <name>Local URL</name>
          <description>The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="48411">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://cdm16748.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/cpa/id/98510"&gt;http://cdm16748.contentdm.oclc.org:80/cdm/ref/collection/cpa/id/98510&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Business Block, Clarkdale</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Unknown;</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Commercial buildings; Automobiles; Cities and towns;</text>
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          <element elementId="79">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Gelatin Silver print (black and white)</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48394">
                <text>Northern Arizona University. Cline Library.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48395">
                <text>1917 ca.</text>
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          <element elementId="81">
            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Clarkdale (Ariz.);United States Highway 89;</text>
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          <element elementId="82">
            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48397">
                <text>1910-1919; 20th century</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48398">
                <text>Northern Arizona University. Cline Library.</text>
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          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48399">
                <text>Northern Arizona University. Cline Library.</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="48400">
                <text>Digital surrogates are the property of the repository. Reproduction requires permission, please contact special.collections@nau.edu.</text>
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          <element elementId="70">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
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                <text>KTVK TV;</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>NAU_149984.jpg</text>
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